ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology 2023 III Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer heparin subcutaneously to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take to minimize bleeding following the injection?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Grasp skin between thumb and forefinger throughout the injection. This technique helps to create tension in the skin, making it easier for the needle to penetrate the subcutaneous tissue and reducing the risk of bleeding. Massaging the site (choice
A) can actually increase the risk of bleeding by disrupting the clotting process. The Z-track method (choice
C) is used for intramuscular injections, not subcutaneous. Aspirating the syringe (choice
D) is not necessary for subcutaneous injections as there are no large blood vessels in the subcutaneous tissue.
Therefore, grasping the skin between thumb and forefinger is the correct technique to minimize bleeding following a subcutaneous injection.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client in the post-anesthesia unit who is experiencing malignant hyperthermia. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse anticipate administering?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Dantrolene. Malignant hyperthermia is a potentially life-threatening condition triggered by certain anesthetics. Dantrolene is the specific antidote for malignant hyperthermia as it works to inhibit calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, preventing muscle contraction and reducing body temperature. Verapamil (
A) is a calcium channel blocker and not indicated for malignant hyperthermia. Naloxone (
B) is an opioid antagonist used for opioid overdose, not for malignant hyperthermia. Cefazolin (
C) is an antibiotic used for infection, not for malignant hyperthermia.
Therefore, the correct choice is Dantrolene (
D) for treating malignant hyperthermia.
Question 3 of 5
A home care nurse is teaching a client about safe medication disposal. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Return expired medication to the pharmacist. This is the safest method of medication disposal as pharmacists have proper procedures to handle and dispose of expired medications safely. Pouring medication into the waste basket (
A), discarding down the toilet (
B), and rinsing down the sink (
C) can lead to environmental contamination and potential harm to others. Returning medication to the pharmacist ensures proper disposal and prevents misuse or accidental ingestion.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory data of a client who is receiving filgrastim. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse monitor to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: WBC count. Filgrastim is a medication that stimulates the production of white blood cells (WBCs). Monitoring the WBC count is essential to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment, as an increase in WBC count indicates that the medication is working to boost the immune system. Monitoring potassium level (
A), BUN (
B), and INR (
C) are not directly related to evaluating the effectiveness of filgrastim treatment. Potassium level is typically monitored for cardiac function, BUN for kidney function, and INR for monitoring anticoagulant therapy.
Therefore, the WBC count is the most appropriate laboratory value to assess the response to filgrastim.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is planning to administer a prefilled syringe of enoxaparin to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
Correct Answer: D - Administer the medication into the anterolateral or posterolateral abdominal area.
Rationale: Enoxaparin is a type of anticoagulant medication that is typically administered subcutaneously. The abdomen is a common site for subcutaneous injections due to its ample subcutaneous tissue and fewer major blood vessels compared to other areas. Administering enoxaparin in the anterolateral or posterolateral abdominal area helps to minimize the risk of hitting blood vessels or nerves, reducing the likelihood of complications.
Incorrect
Choices:
A: Massaging the injection site after administering the medication is not recommended as it can cause bruising or discomfort.
B: Expelling the air bubble from the syringe is not necessary for subcutaneous injections and may result in medication wastage.
C: Holding the skin taut at the injection site is not required for subcutaneous injections and may cause unnecessary discomfort to the client.