ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 III Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer heparin subcutaneously to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take to minimize bleeding following the injection?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Grasp skin between thumb and forefinger throughout the injection. This technique helps to create tension on the skin, stabilizing the tissue and reducing the risk of bleeding. Massaging the site (choice
A) can actually increase bleeding. Aspirating the syringe (choice
C) is not necessary for subcutaneous injections. The Z-track method (choice
D) is used for intramuscular injections, not subcutaneous.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a group of clients. Which of the following client's medications should be monitored by the nurse for hearing loss related to a medication interaction?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Furosemide and amikacin. Furosemide is a loop diuretic known to cause ototoxicity, which can lead to hearing loss. When combined with amikacin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic also known for its potential ototoxic effects, the risk of hearing loss is increased. Monitoring these medications for any signs of hearing impairment is crucial to prevent permanent damage.
Choices A, C, and D do not typically cause hearing loss as a side effect or through interactions. Propranolol, raloxifene, digoxin, levothyroxine, losartan, and atorvastatin are not associated with ototoxicity. Monitoring these medications for hearing loss related to medication interactions is not necessary.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has septic shock and is receiving dopamine by continuous IV infusion. Which of the following findings indicates that the nurse should increase the rate of infusion?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hypotension. In septic shock, dopamine is used to increase blood pressure by improving cardiac output. If the client's blood pressure is still low despite receiving dopamine, it indicates that the current rate of infusion is not sufficient to maintain adequate perfusion. Increasing the infusion rate can help improve blood pressure and perfusion. Headache (
A), extravasation (
C), and chest pain (
D) are not direct indicators for adjusting the dopamine infusion rate in septic shock.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has heart failure and is taking furosemide. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the client is experiencing fluid volume deficit?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: A - Elevated hematocrit level
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that promotes diuresis, leading to fluid loss. As a result of fluid volume deficit, there will be a concentration of red blood cells in the blood, causing an elevated hematocrit level. This occurs because with less fluid in the bloodstream, the ratio of red blood cells to plasma increases. Elevated hematocrit is a common indicator of dehydration or fluid volume deficit.
Summary of other choices:
B: Shortness of breath - This is a symptom of fluid volume overload, not deficit.
C: Distended neck veins - This is a sign of fluid volume overload, not deficit.
D: Weight gain - This is a sign of fluid volume overload, not deficit.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client about total parenteral nutrition (TPM). Which of the following information should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: A
Rationale:
Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) bypasses the digestive tract, providing nutrients directly into the bloodstream. This is crucial for clients who cannot tolerate enteral feeding. TPN is administered through a central line to prevent irritation and complications from peripheral IV access. The other options are incorrect because TPN carries a higher risk of complications, including sepsis, hyperglycemia, electrolyte imbalances, and liver dysfunction. Administering TPN peripherally can lead to phlebitis and infiltration. Aspiration risk is more associated with enteral feeding rather than TPN, which is given intravenously. The nurse should emphasize the importance of proper line care and monitoring to prevent infections and other adverse effects.