ATI RN
ATI Medical Surgical Proctored Exam 2023 With NGN Questions and Correct Answers Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer fresh frozen plasma to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Administer the plasma immediately after thawing. Fresh frozen plasma should be administered promptly after thawing to ensure optimal effectiveness and prevent clotting. Delaying administration can lead to decreased clotting factor activity.
Choice A is incorrect as a larger gauge needle is typically used for plasma transfusions.
Choice B is incorrect because fresh frozen plasma is often indicated for bleeding disorders, so holding the transfusion would be counterproductive.
Choice D is incorrect as fresh frozen plasma is usually infused rapidly, not over 4 hours.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is planning to withdraw medication from an ampule to prepare for an injection. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Place a paper towel around the ampule's neck to break off the top with both hands. This method helps prevent injury as the paper towel provides grip and protection. Breaking the ampule's top with both hands reduces the risk of glass shards. Using a needleless system (
A) is not necessary for breaking an ampule. Disposing the top in a sharps container (
C) is important, but it is not the immediate action for withdrawing medication. Expelling air into the ampule (
D) is unnecessary and may introduce air bubbles into the medication.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a history of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. Which of the following medications should the nurse administer prior to chemotherapy?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ondansetron. Ondansetron is a commonly used antiemetic medication that helps prevent chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting by blocking serotonin receptors in the gastrointestinal tract and chemoreceptor trigger zone. Administering ondansetron before chemotherapy can effectively reduce the incidence of these side effects. Selenaline (
A) is not a recognized medication for managing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. Diphenhydramine (
C) is an antihistamine that may be used for other types of nausea but is not the first-line treatment for chemotherapy-induced nausea. Methylprednisolone (
D) is a corticosteroid that may be used to reduce inflammation but is not typically used as a primary antiemetic for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is planning care for an older adult client who has a history of dementia and is admitted following surgical repair of a hip fracture. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Play soft, soothing music. This is beneficial for the older adult with dementia post-surgery as music has been shown to reduce anxiety, improve mood, and promote relaxation. It can also help in reducing agitation and promoting better sleep. Encouraging frequent visits from friends (
A) may overwhelm the client. Applying restraints to the upper extremities (
B) can lead to increased agitation and discomfort. Keeping the over-the-bed light on (
D) may disrupt sleep patterns and worsen confusion.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is considering a total hip arthroplasty. The client asks the nurse, 'What happens if I need a blood transfusion during my surgery?' Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: "You can donate your own blood a few weeks prior to this surgery." This is the best option because it addresses the client's concern about needing a blood transfusion during surgery by suggesting an effective proactive measure. Donating your own blood before surgery, known as autologous donation, ensures that you have your own blood available if needed, reducing the risk of transfusion reactions and complications. It allows for a personalized and safe option in case of blood loss during the procedure.
As for the other options:
A: This statement does not provide relevant information about blood transfusions.
B: This statement is inaccurate as total hip arthroplasty can result in significant blood loss requiring a transfusion.
D: While using screened donor blood reduces the risk of infusion reactions, it does not address the client's specific concern about needing a transfusion during surgery.
Therefore, option C is the most appropriate response as it directly addresses the client's query and offers a practical solution.