ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 III Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer filgrastim 5 mcg/kg/day subcutaneous to a client who weighs 143 lb. How many mcg should the nurse administer per day?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
To calculate the dose of filgrastim for the client, first convert the weight from pounds to kilograms (143 lb / 2.2 = 65 kg).
Then, multiply the weight by the prescribed dosage (65 kg * 5 mcg/kg = 325 mcg/day).
Therefore, the correct answer is A. The other choices are incorrect because they do not follow the correct calculation method or have inaccurate values. It's crucial to convert the weight to kg and apply the correct dosage per kg to determine the accurate daily dose.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking digoxin to treat heart failure. Which of the following factors predisposes this client to developing digoxin toxicity?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Taking a high-ceiling diuretic. High-ceiling diuretics, such as furosemide, can cause hypokalemia, which increases the risk of digoxin toxicity. Digoxin toxicity occurs more frequently when potassium levels are low because digoxin competes with potassium for binding sites on the sodium-potassium pump in cardiac cells. Low potassium levels can lead to enhanced digoxin binding and subsequent toxicity. Other choices are incorrect because having a prolapsed mitral valve, a history of COPD, or taking an HMG CoA reductase inhibitor do not directly predispose a client to digoxin toxicity.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to mix short-acting insulin with NPH insulin from two vials. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct action is to inject air into the vial to withdraw the short-acting insulin first. This prevents contamination of the NPH insulin vial. Drawing air into the vial equalizes pressure, making it easier to withdraw the correct dose. Drawing NPH insulin first can contaminate the short-acting insulin vial. Administering the insulin within 20 minutes is not necessary. Using two separate syringes is not required for mixing insulins.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a prescription for total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: You will receive TPN through a central vein. TPN is a form of nutrition that is administered intravenously, typically through a central vein to ensure proper delivery and absorption of nutrients. This is crucial information for the client to understand the method of administration.
Choice A is incorrect as TPN is not typically given solely due to high glucose levels.
Choice B is incorrect as the duration of TPN therapy varies based on individual needs and is not necessarily predetermined for 6 months.
Choice D is incorrect as TPN is not primarily used to address low platelet counts.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has started taking theophylline. Which of the following client findings should indicate to the nurse that the medication is effective?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Decreased wheezing. Theophylline is a bronchodilator used to treat respiratory conditions like asthma by relaxing the muscles in the airways, reducing wheezing. A decrease in wheezing indicates improved airflow and effectiveness of the medication. Increased blood pressure (
A) is not a typical desired effect of theophylline. Increased level of consciousness (
B) may indicate improved oxygenation but is not a direct indicator of the medication's effectiveness. Decreased urine output (
C) is not a common indication of theophylline efficacy.