ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 II Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer filgrastim 5 mcg/kg/day subcutaneously to a client who weighs 143 lbs. How many mcg should the nurse administer per day? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: 325
Rationale:
To calculate the correct dosage of filgrastim for the client weighing 143 lbs, we first need to convert the weight to kg by dividing it by 2.2 (1 kg = 2.2 lbs). 143 lbs / 2.2 = 65 kg.
Then, multiply the weight in kg by the dosage of 5 mcg/kg/day: 65 kg x 5 mcg/kg/day = 325 mcg/day. The correct answer is 325 mcg/day.
Summary:
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Choice A: Incorrect, as it does not provide the calculated dosage based on the client's weight and medication requirement.
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Choices B-G: Irrelevant as they do not offer a calculated dosage or provide any relevant information.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for nitroglycerin sublingual tablets for treating angina. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Place the tablet under the tongue until dissolved. This is the correct instruction for taking nitroglycerin sublingual tablets because sublingual administration allows for rapid absorption through the mucous membranes under the tongue, leading to quick relief of angina symptoms. Placing the tablet under the tongue until dissolved ensures proper absorption and effectiveness of the medication.
Rationale for why the other choices are incorrect:
A: Call 911 if pain persists 30 minutes after taking one tablet - This instruction is incorrect because nitroglycerin is a fast-acting medication, and if the pain persists for 30 minutes, the client may require additional doses or medical attention before that time.
B: Take a tablet every 10 minutes until the pain subsides - This instruction is incorrect because taking multiple tablets in a short period can lead to an overdose and severe hypotension.
D: Store the tablets in a refrigerator in a plastic container - This instruction is incorrect because nitroglycer
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving diazepam for moderate (conscious) sedation. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to assess for an adverse reaction to the medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Monitor the client's oxygen saturation. When a client is receiving diazepam for sedation, respiratory depression is a potential adverse reaction. Monitoring oxygen saturation helps assess the client's respiratory status. This is crucial as diazepam can suppress the respiratory drive, leading to hypoxemia. Monitoring for seizure activity (
B) is not directly related to diazepam administration for sedation. Checking urinary output (
C) and auscultating bowel sounds (
D) are not relevant in assessing adverse reactions to diazepam for sedation.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer heparin subcutaneously to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take to minimize bleeding following the injection?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Correct Answer: B: Grasp skin between thumb and forefinger throughout the injection.
Rationale: Grasping the skin between the thumb and forefinger helps to create tension at the injection site, which can help minimize bleeding after the injection. This technique helps to stabilize the skin and underlying tissues, reducing the risk of bruising or bleeding. It also ensures proper needle insertion and medication delivery without causing damage to the surrounding blood vessels or tissues.
Summary of Other
Choices:
A: Using the Z-track method is not necessary for subcutaneous injections, as it is primarily for intramuscular injections to prevent medication leakage.
C: Massaging the site can increase bleeding by causing further disruption of the blood vessels.
D: Aspirating the syringe is not needed for subcutaneous injections since the needle tip is not in a blood vessel.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the list of current medications for a client who has a new prescription for nitroglycerin. The nurse should identify that which of the following client medications is contraindicated for use with nitroglycerin?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Sildenafil. Nitroglycerin and sildenafil both lower blood pressure. When taken together, they can cause a significant drop in blood pressure leading to hypotension, dizziness, and fainting. It is essential to avoid combining drugs that have similar effects on blood pressure to prevent adverse reactions. Gemfibrozil, lansoprazole, and diazepam do not have significant interactions with nitroglycerin.