ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology Proctored Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer enoxaparin to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Apply firm pressure to the injection site following administration. This is important to prevent bleeding or bruising as enoxaparin is an anticoagulant. Firm pressure helps to reduce the risk of hematoma formation at the injection site.
Choice B is incorrect as enoxaparin is administered subcutaneously, not into muscle.
Choice C is unnecessary as enoxaparin syringes are usually pre-filled and do not require air bubble removal.
Choice D is incorrect as the needle should be fully inserted for subcutaneous injection.
Choices E, F, and G are irrelevant.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer subcutaneous heparin to a client. Which of the following should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because inserting the needle at least 5 cm from the umbilicus helps prevent injury to the underlying structures. It ensures proper administration of the medication into the subcutaneous tissue, reducing the risk of complications. Massaging the site after administering the medication (choice
A) is incorrect as it can cause bruising and discomfort. Using a 21-gauge needle (choice
B) is incorrect because a smaller gauge needle is typically recommended for subcutaneous injections. Aspirating before injecting the medication (choice
C) is unnecessary for subcutaneous injections as there are no major blood vessels in the subcutaneous tissue.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client after administering phenytoin IV bolus for a seizure. Which of the following should the nurse identify as an adverse effect of this medication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Hypotension. Phenytoin can cause hypotension due to its vasodilatory effects. The drug can lead to decreased vascular resistance, resulting in lowered blood pressure. Hypoglycemia (
A) is not a typical adverse effect of phenytoin. Bradycardia (
B) is not a common side effect; phenytoin is more likely to cause cardiac arrhythmias. Red man syndrome (
C) is associated with vancomycin, not phenytoin.
Therefore, the nurse should identify hypotension as the potential adverse effect.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer the initial dose of penicillin G IM to a client. The nurse should monitor for which of the following as an indication of an allergic reaction following the injection?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Urticaria. Urticaria, also known as hives, is a common symptom of an allergic reaction to penicillin. It presents as raised, red, itchy welts on the skin. Monitoring for urticaria is crucial as it can indicate an immediate hypersensitivity reaction, potentially progressing to anaphylaxis. Bradycardia (
B), pallor (
C), and dyspepsia (
D) are not typical signs of an allergic reaction to penicillin G IM. Bradycardia refers to a slow heart rate, pallor is paleness of the skin, and dyspepsia is indigestion. These symptoms are not specific to an allergic reaction and would not be the primary indicators to monitor for in this scenario.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following statements should the nurse include when teaching the client about the prescribed medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because it provides important information about managing potential side effects (nausea) by taking the medication with a meal. This helps to enhance medication adherence and reduce discomfort.
Choice B is incorrect as vivid nightmares are not a common side effect of the medication.
Choice C is incorrect as changes in urine color are not typically associated with this medication.
Choice D is incorrect as high protein meals do not usually impact the effectiveness of this medication.
Choice E is incorrect as an increase in involuntary movements is not a common side effect of this medication.