ATI RN
ATI Capstone Exam 2 Final Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer digoxin to a 6-month-old infant. Prior to administering the dose, the nurse measures the apical heart rate. The nurse should withhold the dose if the infant’s apical heart rate is less than what rate?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 90 bpm. For infants, a normal heart rate is typically around 120-160 bpm. However, the threshold for administering digoxin is usually set at a lower rate to prevent toxicity. If the infant's heart rate is below 90 bpm, it may indicate bradycardia, which is a contraindication for digoxin administration as it can further slow down the heart rate and lead to serious complications.
Therefore, withholding the dose is crucial to prevent harm to the infant.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they are higher heart rates and would not be the threshold for withholding the dose.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is teaching a female client who has a new prescription for transdermal sumatriptan to treat migraine headaches. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Use contraception while taking this medication. Sumatriptan is contraindicated during pregnancy due to potential risks to the fetus.
Therefore, it is crucial for female clients of childbearing age to use contraception while on this medication.
Choice A is incorrect because the patch does not need to be activated after application.
Choice B is incorrect because sumatriptan is used for acute migraine attacks, not for daily prevention.
Choice D is incorrect because it is recommended to remove the patch before bathing to prevent it from getting wet and affecting its efficacy.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who is in her first trimester of pregnancy about over-the-counter medications that are a pregnancy risk category B. Which of the following medications should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Acetaminophen. Acetaminophen is classified as pregnancy risk category B, indicating that it is generally considered safe to use during pregnancy. This is because acetaminophen has been widely studied and has not shown any harmful effects on the developing fetus.
Rationale:
1. Naproxen (
A), Aspirin (
B), and Ibuprofen (
C) are all classified as pregnancy risk category C or D, indicating a higher risk of harm to the fetus. These medications are not recommended during pregnancy due to potential adverse effects on the baby.
2. Acetaminophen (
D) is the safest choice among the options provided as it is commonly recommended for pain relief and fever reduction during pregnancy.
3. It is important to choose medications with a lower risk profile during pregnancy to minimize any potential harm to the developing fetus.
In summary, the nurse should include Acetaminophen in the teaching as it is a pregnancy risk
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to infuse a 250-mL unit of packed RBCs over 2 hours. The drop factor of the manual IV tubing is 15 gtts/mL. The nurse should adjust the flow rate to deliver how many drops per minute?
Correct Answer: 31
Rationale:
To calculate the flow rate in drops per minute for the infusion of packed RBCs, we first need to determine the total number of drops to be infused over 2 hours.
Step 1: Calculate the total drops in 2 hours:
2 hours = 120 minutes
250 mL x 15 gtts/mL = 3750 drops
3750 drops ÷ 120 minutes = 31.25 drops/minute
Step 2: The correct answer is rounded down to 31 drops per minute as IV infusion sets typically do not allow for fractions of drops.
Summary:
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Choice A: Incorrect. The correct flow rate is not 60 drops per minute as that would be too fast.
-
Choices B-G: Irrelevant as they do not follow the calculation process required to determine the correct flow rate.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching about dietary recommendations to a client who has iron deficiency anemia. Which of the following dietary recommendations should the nurse include as a food that enhances iron absorption when consumed with nonheme iron?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D:
Tomato juice.
Tomato juice contains vitamin C, which enhances the absorption of nonheme iron. Vitamin C helps to convert nonheme iron into a more absorbable form, increasing the body's ability to take in iron from plant-based sources. Tea (
A) contains compounds that can inhibit iron absorption. Dried beans (
B) contain phytates that can reduce iron absorption. Milk (
C) contains calcium which can inhibit iron absorption.
Therefore, the best recommendation for enhancing iron absorption when consuming nonheme iron is to include foods rich in vitamin C, such as tomato juice.