ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 IV Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer dextrose 5% in water 350 mL IV to infuse over 3 hr. The drop factor of the manual IV tubing is 10 gtt/mL. The nurse should set the manual IV infusion to deliver how many gtt/min?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 19 gtt/min.
To calculate the drip rate, use the formula: mL/hr = gtt/min × drop factor. First, convert 3 hours to minutes (3 hr × 60 min/hr = 180 min).
Then, calculate the mL/min infusion rate (350 mL ÷ 180 min = 1.944 mL/min). Now, use the drop factor of 10 gtt/mL to find the gtt/min (1.944 mL/min × 10 gtt/mL = 19.44 gtt/min). Since you can only administer whole drops, round down to the nearest whole number, giving you 19 gtt/min. Other choices are incorrect as they do not result from the correct calculations.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has hypertension and has started taking lisinopril. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider immediately?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Eyelid edema. Lisinopril, an ACE inhibitor, can cause angioedema, which is a serious side effect. Angioedema can lead to swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat, potentially causing airway obstruction. This is a life-threatening condition that requires immediate medical attention. Reporting eyelid edema to the provider promptly can prevent complications.
Choices B, C, and D are common side effects of lisinopril but are not typically considered urgent or life-threatening.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is mixing regular insulin and NPH insulin in the same syringe prior to administering it to a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Inject air into the NPH vial first. This is because NPH insulin should be drawn up before regular insulin to prevent contamination. Injecting air into the NPH vial helps to equalize the pressure, making it easier to withdraw the correct dose. If regular insulin is drawn up first, there is a risk of contaminating the NPH vial with regular insulin.
Therefore, the nurse should always start by injecting air into the NPH vial before withdrawing the NPH insulin.
Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they do not follow the correct sequence of steps for mixing regular and NPH insulin, which could lead to inaccurate dosing or contamination.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is dehydrated and receiving IV fluid replacement. The nurse should identify that which of the following findings indicates the treatment has been effective?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Moist oral mucous membranes. This indicates the IV fluid replacement has been effective in rehydrating the client. Moist oral mucous membranes are a sign of adequate hydration. Decreased blood pressure (
A) and increased heart rate (
B) are signs of dehydration, so these would not indicate effective treatment. Excessive thirst (
D) suggests ongoing dehydration. By assessing oral mucous membranes, the nurse can directly observe hydration status.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a group of clients in a long-term care facility. For which of the following situations should the nurse complete an incident report?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: A client's roommate takes a medication intended for the client. The incident report should be completed in this situation because it involves a medication error that could potentially harm the client. By documenting this incident, the facility can investigate the error, implement corrective actions, and prevent similar errors in the future.
A: A client requesting to take a medication at a different time of day is a routine request and does not require an incident report.
B: A client reporting an unpleasant taste after taking a medication is a common side effect and does not indicate a medication error.
D: A client refusing to take a prescribed medication is a common occurrence and does not necessarily warrant an incident report unless it poses a serious risk to the client's health.