ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Endocrine and Hematology Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 4
A nurse is preparing to administer dexamethasone 3 mg PO. Available are dexamethasone 1.5 mg tablets. How many tablets should the nurse administer? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.).
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 2 tablets.
To achieve a total of 3 mg of dexamethasone, the nurse will need to administer 2 tablets of 1.5 mg each. This is calculated by dividing the total dose needed (3 mg) by the strength of each tablet (1.5 mg). Dividing 3 mg by 1.5 mg gives us 2 tablets.
Therefore, the nurse should administer 2 tablets to achieve the desired dose of 3 mg.
Choice A (1 tablet) is incorrect because 1 tablet would only provide 1.5 mg of dexamethasone, which is less than the required dose of 3 mg.
Choices C (3 tablets) and D (4 tablets) are incorrect as they would result in an overdose, exceeding the required dose of 3 mg.
Question 2 of 4
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has diabetes mellitus and a new prescription for lispro and Lantus insulins. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Unopened vials of insulin should be kept in the refrigerator. This is correct because insulin should be stored in the refrigerator to maintain its potency and effectiveness. Insulin that is not stored properly can lose its effectiveness.
Choice A is incorrect because insulin injected into the abdomen is actually the most rapidly absorbed due to the larger surface area and increased blood flow in that area.
Choice B is incorrect because shaking the bottle of insulin can cause air bubbles to form, which can affect the accuracy of the dosage.
Choice D is incorrect because not all insulin types can be mixed together in the same syringe. It is important to consult with a healthcare provider before mixing different types of insulin.
In summary, choice C is correct because proper storage of insulin is essential for maintaining its effectiveness, while the other choices are incorrect due to various reasons related to insulin administration and storage.
Question 3 of 4
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has diabetes mellitus. The client is confused, flushed, and has an acetone odor on their breath. The nurse should anticipate a prescription for which of the following types of insulin to treat the client.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Regular insulin. In this scenario, the client is showing symptoms of diabetic ketoacidosis (DK
A), which is characterized by confusion, flushing, and acetone breath odor. Regular insulin is a short-acting insulin that is used to rapidly lower blood glucose levels in emergency situations like DKA. It acts quickly to reduce ketone production and stabilize the client's condition. NPH, Lispro, and Glargine insulins are not appropriate for treating DKA as they have different onset and duration of action, which are not suitable for managing acute hyperglycemia and ketosis.
Question 4 of 4
A nurse is preparing to administer aspirin 650 mg PO. Available in aspirin 325 mg tablets. How many tablets should the nurse administer?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 2 tablets. The nurse should administer 2 tablets of 325 mg each to achieve a total dose of 650 mg. Since each tablet is 325 mg, administering 2 tablets will provide the required 650 mg dose. Administering 1 tablet would only provide 325 mg, which is half the required dose. Administering 3 tablets would result in 975 mg, exceeding the required dose. Administering 4 tablets would provide 1300 mg, significantly exceeding the required dose.
Therefore, the correct answer is 2 tablets to achieve the desired dose of 650 mg.
Question 5 of 4
A nurse is teaching the parents of a child who has diabetes mellitus about the manifestations of hypoglycemia. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Bradycardia. Hypoglycemia can lead to decreased heart rate due to inadequate glucose supply to the heart. This can result in bradycardia. Dry mucous membranes (
A) are more indicative of dehydration. Polyuria (
B) is excessive urination, which is not a common manifestation of hypoglycemia. "Poria" (
C) is not a recognized medical term.
Therefore, the correct manifestation to include in teaching about hypoglycemia in a child with diabetes mellitus is bradycardia.