ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer cefazolin 1 g in 0.9% sodium chloride 100 ml- via intermittent IV bolus over 30 min. The drop factor of the manual IV tubing is I5 gtt/mL. The nurse should set the manual IV infusion to deliver how many gtt/min? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
To calculate the IV infusion rate, first, convert the infusion time to minutes (30 min).
Then, calculate the total volume to be infused (100 mL). Next, determine the total number of drops needed (15 gtt/mL x 100 mL) = 1500 drops. Finally, divide the total drops by the infusion time in minutes (1500 drops / 30 min) = 50 gtt/min. This is why choice A (50) is correct.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not match the calculated infusion rate.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client in the post-anesthesia unit who is experiencing malignant hyperthermia. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse anticipate administering?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Dantrolene. Dantrolene is the drug of choice for treating malignant hyperthermia, a rare but life-threatening condition triggered by certain medications used during anesthesia. Dantrolene works by inhibiting the release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum in skeletal muscle cells, which helps to reduce muscle contractions and hyperthermia. Verapamil (
A) is a calcium channel blocker used for different purposes. Naloxone (
B) is an opioid antagonist used for opioid overdoses. Cefazolin (
C) is an antibiotic used for treating infections. In summary, Dantrolene is the appropriate choice for managing malignant hyperthermia due to its mechanism of action in preventing further muscle contraction and hyperthermia.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer filgrastim 5 mcg/kg/day subcutaneous to a client who weighs 143 lb. How many mcg should the nurse administer per day? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
To calculate the dose of filgrastim for the client, first convert the weight from pounds to kilograms. 143 lb / 2.2 = 65 kg.
Then, multiply the weight in kg by the dosage of 5 mcg/kg/day. 65 kg * 5 mcg/kg/day = 325 mcg/day.
Therefore, the correct answer is A: 325 mcg/day.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not accurately calculate the dose based on the client's weight and the prescribed dosage.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving magnesium sulfate IV bolus for preeclampsia. The client's respiratory rate is 6/min and they have absent deep tendon reflexes. Which of the following medications should the nurse anticipate the provider to prescribe?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Calcium gluconate. In this scenario, the client is showing signs of magnesium sulfate toxicity, including respiratory depression and absent deep tendon reflexes. Calcium gluconate is the antidote for magnesium sulfate toxicity as it competes with magnesium for receptor sites, counteracting its effects. Methylergonovine is used to prevent or control postpartum hemorrhage, not for magnesium sulfate toxicity. Naloxone is used to reverse opioid overdose, not for magnesium sulfate toxicity. Dexamethasone is a corticosteroid used for various conditions but is not indicated for magnesium sulfate toxicity.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the list of current medications for a client who has a new prescription for nitroglycerin. The nurse should identify that which of the following client medications is contraindicated for use with nitroglycerin?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Sildenafil. Nitroglycerin and sildenafil both cause vasodilation and together can lead to severe hypotension. Sildenafil is a phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor used for erectile dysfunction. Gemfibrozil is a lipid-lowering agent, Lansoprazole is a proton pump inhibitor, and Diazepam is a benzodiazepine, none of which have significant interactions with nitroglycerin.