ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatrics 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer an oral medication to a preschooler. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to encourage acceptance of the medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Provide an ice pop after administering the medication. Offering a reward such as an ice pop after taking the medication can positively reinforce the behavior of taking the medication. This can create a positive association with the medication and increase the likelihood of the preschooler accepting it in the future. Mixing the medication with the child's favorite food (
A) may not always work as the child may detect the medication and refuse to eat it. Diluting the medication with water (
B) may alter the taste and effectiveness of the medication. Giving milk with the medication (
D) may not be recommended as certain medications interact with dairy products.
Extract:
Child with epiglottitis due to Haemophilus influenzae type B
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child who has epiglottitis due to an infection with Haemophilus influenzae type B. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: The correct answers are A, B, and D.
A: Begin droplet precautions - This is crucial to prevent the spread of infection as Haemophilus influenzae type B is transmitted through respiratory droplets.
B: Initiate IV access - Important for administering antibiotics and fluids to manage the infection and maintain hydration.
D: Monitor oxygen saturation - Essential to assess respiratory status as epiglottitis can lead to airway obstruction and respiratory distress.
Incorrect choices:
C: Inspect the epiglottis - Direct visualization can be dangerous and can lead to worsening airway obstruction.
E: Obtain a throat culture - Not a priority in the acute care of epiglottitis; treatment should be initiated promptly based on clinical presentation.
Extract:
4-month-old infant during a well-baby visit
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a 4-month-old infant during a well-baby visit. For which of the following findings should the nurse notify the provider?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Doll's eye reflex intact. This reflex is typically present in infants up to 3 months old and disappears by 4 months. The persistence of this reflex beyond 4 months may indicate a neurological concern. A positive Babinski reflex (
C) is normal in infants, no head lag when pulled to a sitting position (
B) is expected by 4 months, and the presence of tears when crying (
D) is a normal developmental milestone.
Extract:
20-year-old adolescent with syphilis
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching for a 20-year-old adolescent who has syphilis. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: "I have to notify the public health department." This statement is important in the case of syphilis because it is a notifiable disease, meaning healthcare providers are required by law to report cases to the public health department for tracking and monitoring. By notifying the public health department, they can initiate contact tracing, treatment follow-up, and prevent further spread of the disease.
A: Reviewing side effects of metronidazole is not directly related to syphilis management.
B: Contacting the adolescent's parents may violate confidentiality and may not be necessary.
C: Asking the adolescent to come back for retesting is important but not as crucial as notifying the public health department.
Summary: The correct answer ensures appropriate public health measures are taken, while the other choices are either not directly related to the disease or not as critical in the management of syphilis.
Extract:
7-year-old client who weighs 18.1 kg (39.9 lb) admitted with a UTI. Child reports pain and burning upon urination and feeling like they need to go to the bathroom all the time. Child's guardian reports the client has been incontinent of urine the past 2 nights and that the urine has a very strong odor. Vital Signs 0715: Temperature 38° C (100.4° F), Heart rate 80/min, Respiratory rate 22/min, Blood pressure 106/65 mm Hg. 0930: Temperature 38.4° C (101.1° F), Heart rate 90/min, Respiratory rate 23/min, Blood pressure 105/65 mm Hg. Provider Prescriptions: Sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim 8 mg TMP/kg/day PO, Salicylic acid 20 mg/kg/dose every 4 hr as needed for pain and fever
Question 5 of 5
For each the following interventions, click to specify if the potential intervention is anticipated or contraindicated for the client.
| Intervention | Anticipated | Contraindicated |
|---|---|---|
| Educate the child about proper perineal hygiene. | ||
| Advise child's guardian about the use of sunscreen. | ||
| Administer salicylic acid for pain and fever. | ||
| Administer sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim. | ||
| Ensure the child receives a maximum of 1,200 mL/day of fluid. |
Correct Answer: A: Anticipated, B: Contraindicated, C: Contraindicated, D: Anticipated, E: Contraindicated
Rationale: [1, 0, 0, 1, 0]
For choice A, educating the child about proper perineal hygiene is anticipated as it promotes health.
Choice B, advising about sunscreen, is contraindicated as it may not be relevant to the client's condition.
Choice C, administering salicylic acid, is contraindicated as it can be harmful due to potential side effects.
Choice D, administering sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim, is anticipated for treating infections.
Choice E, limiting fluid intake, is contraindicated as it can lead to dehydration.