ATI RN
ATI RN pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer an infusion of packed RBCs through a peripheral IV catheter. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Ensure that the IV tubing has an in-line filter. When administering packed RBCs through a peripheral IV catheter, it is crucial to use IV tubing with an in-line filter to prevent any potential infusion-related complications such as embolism or filtering out any clots or debris present in the blood product. Priming the IV tubing with lactated Ringer's (choice
A) is unnecessary and does not directly relate to the safe administration of packed RBCs. Using a 24-gauge IV catheter (choice
B) may not be appropriate for blood transfusions as it can lead to hemolysis and increased risk of clotting. Changing the tubing every 2 hours (choice
D) is not a standard practice for packed RBC transfusions unless specified by institutional policy or manufacturer's guidelines.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to provide foot care for a client who is ambulatory. Identify the sequence of steps the nurse should follow when performing foot care.
Correct Answer: B,C,E,D,A
Rationale: The correct sequence for providing foot care to an ambulatory client is as follows:
B: Assist the client into a sitting position in a chair - Ensures client comfort and accessibility for foot care.
C: Soak the client's feet in warm water - Helps soften calluses and relaxes the client.
E: Rub callused areas of the client's feet using a washcloth - Allows for gentle exfoliation.
D: Apply lotion to the client's feet - Moisturizes and nourishes the skin.
A: Gently dry the client's feet and areas between the toes with a towel - Completes the foot care process.
Incorrect choices:
C: Soaking the feet first allows for better callus removal, so applying lotion before this step would be less effective.
E: Rubbing callused areas should be done after soaking to avoid harsh exfoliation on dry skin.
D: Applying lotion before exfoliation can hinder the removal of dead skin cells.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is providing preoperative teaching about using an incentive spirometer for a client. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hold your breath for 2 to 3 seconds when using the incentive spirometer. This instruction is vital as it allows the lungs to fully expand and helps in improving lung function. Holding the breath for a few seconds helps to recruit more alveoli and increase oxygenation.
A: Placing the head of the bed flat is incorrect as it may hinder the effectiveness of the incentive spirometer.
C: Using the incentive spirometer every 3 hours while awake is not accurate. It is recommended to use it every hour while awake.
D: Breathing in through the nose is incorrect as the incentive spirometer is designed to be used with a mouthpiece for optimal results.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse on a medical-surgical unit is caring for a newly admitted client. Which of the following should the nurse determine is a breach of client confidentiality?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because disclosing the client's room number and diagnosis on a public communication board violates the client's confidentiality. Room number and diagnosis are private information that should not be displayed publicly. In contrast, choices B, C, and D are not breaches of client confidentiality as the information is either necessary for providing care (B,
C) or for ensuring the client's safety (
D). The nurse should always prioritize maintaining the client's privacy and confidentiality, which is why option A is the correct answer.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assessing the breath sounds of an adult client who has pneumonia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Following a systematic pattern from side-to-side moving down the client's chest allows the nurse to thoroughly assess all lung fields for any abnormal breath sounds, which is crucial in detecting pneumonia. Placing the bell of the stethoscope on the client's chest (
A) may not provide a comprehensive assessment of all lung fields. Asking the client to breathe deeply through the nose (
C) may not be necessary for assessing breath sounds and could potentially disrupt the assessment process. Instructing the client to sit erect with their head tilted slightly backward (
D) is not directly related to assessing breath sounds and may not enhance the nurse's ability to detect abnormal breath sounds.