ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 II Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer a scheduled dose of warfarin to a client. Which of the following laboratory tests should the nurse review prior to administration?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: PT. The nurse should review the PT (Prothrombin Time) before administering warfarin because warfarin is an anticoagulant medication that works by inhibiting clotting factors. PT measures the extrinsic and common pathways of the coagulation cascade, which are affected by warfarin. Elevated PT indicates a risk of bleeding due to excessive anticoagulation. The other choices are incorrect because:
A) PTT assesses the intrinsic pathway of coagulation, not directly affected by warfarin.
C)
Total iron-binding capacity is unrelated to warfarin therapy.
D) WBC (White Blood Cell count) assesses immune function, not relevant for warfarin administration.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client about how to self-administer subcutaneous injections of enoxaparin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Correct Answer: A. Ensure that the air bubble remains in the syringe.
Rationale: Leaving the air bubble in the syringe ensures accurate dosing of enoxaparin. The air bubble acts as a safety measure to prevent any medication loss during injection. Removing the air bubble could lead to underdosing the medication.
Incorrect:
B: Injecting into the lateral thigh is incorrect as enoxaparin is usually administered in the abdomen.
C: Releasing the skin fold before injecting ensures proper needle insertion but is not specific to enoxaparin administration.
D: Rubbing the site after injection can cause bruising and is not recommended.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is monitoring a client's peripheral IV infusion of a vesicant medication and observes swelling and coolness of the skin at the insertion site. After stopping the infusion, which of the following actions should the nurse take next?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Remove the IV catheter. Swelling and coolness at the insertion site indicate extravasation, which is the leakage of vesicant medication into the surrounding tissue, causing potential tissue damage. Removing the IV catheter immediately helps prevent further infiltration and tissue injury. Notifying the provider (
A) can be done after removing the catheter. Applying warm compress (
B) is incorrect as it can increase the absorption of the vesicant and worsen tissue damage. Aspirating fluid (
C) may not be effective in removing the medication from the tissue.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has a prescription for cefaclor. Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as an indication of an allergic reaction?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Pruritus. Pruritus is a common symptom of an allergic reaction, typically presenting as itching of the skin. Allergic reactions to medications like cefaclor can manifest in various ways, but pruritus is a classic sign. Hematuria (
A) is blood in urine, not typically associated with allergic reactions. Slurred speech (
B) and tremor (
C) are more indicative of neurological issues, not allergies.
Therefore, pruritus is the most relevant finding in this scenario.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving a peripheral IV infusion and notes infiltration of fluid into the tissues surrounding the insertion site. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Elevate the extremity. Elevating the extremity helps to reduce swelling at the infiltration site by promoting fluid drainage and decreasing tissue damage. It aids in preventing further infiltration and promotes proper circulation. Slowing the infusion rate (
A) may not be sufficient to address the existing infiltration. Flushing the IV catheter (
B) may worsen the infiltration by pushing more fluid into the tissue. Applying pressure (
C) may not be effective and could cause discomfort. In summary, elevating the extremity is the most appropriate action to manage infiltration.