ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 Retake 2 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer a scheduled dose of warfarin to a client. Which of the following laboratory tests should the nurse review prior to administration?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: PT. The nurse should review the PT (Prothrombin Time) test before administering warfarin because warfarin is an anticoagulant medication that works by inhibiting the clotting factors dependent on vitamin K, including factor II (prothrombin). Monitoring the PT helps ensure that the client's blood is clotting appropriately, as warfarin therapy requires a specific target range for PT known as the INR (International Normalized Ratio). Reviewing the PT will help the nurse assess the client's clotting status and adjust the warfarin dosage accordingly.
Choice A, PTT (Partial Thromboplastin Time), is not specific to monitoring warfarin therapy; it is more commonly used to assess the intrinsic pathway of coagulation.
Choice C, WBC (White Blood Cell count), and choice D,
Total Iron-Binding Capacity, are not relevant to monitoring warfarin therapy and are unrelated to clotting function
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer pain medication to a postoperative client who had a total knee replacement and reports pain as 5 on a scale of 0 to 10. Which of the following PRN medications should the nurse plan to administer?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Ketorolac 15 mg IV. Ketorolac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAI
D) known for its potent analgesic effect. For a postoperative client with moderate pain (pain level of 5), ketorolac is an appropriate choice as it can provide effective pain relief. IV administration ensures rapid onset of action, making it suitable for acute pain management. Morphine (
A) is a strong opioid and may be reserved for severe pain. Amitriptyline (
B) is a tricyclic antidepressant used for chronic pain conditions, not acute postoperative pain. Acetaminophen (
D) is a mild analgesic and may not be sufficient for moderate pain.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving ondansetron IV. Which of the following findings is an indication that the ondansetron is effective?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Decreased nausea. Ondansetron is an antiemetic medication used to prevent and treat nausea and vomiting.
Therefore, a decrease in nausea would indicate that the medication is effective in managing the client's symptoms. Increased urinary output (choice
A) is not directly related to the effectiveness of ondansetron. Reduced dizziness (choice
B) and absence of peripheral neuropathy (choice
C) are not common indicators of the drug's effectiveness in treating nausea. In summary, the primary goal of ondansetron is to reduce nausea, making choice D the most appropriate indication of its effectiveness in this scenario.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who develops an anaphylactic reaction to IV antibiotic administration. After assessing the client's respiratory status and stopping the medication infusion, which of the following actions should the nurse take next?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Administer epinephrine IM. In an anaphylactic reaction, epinephrine is the drug of choice due to its rapid onset and vasoconstrictive effects which help reverse the symptoms. IM route ensures quick absorption. Giving diphenhydramine (
A) may be helpful for mild allergic reactions but is not as effective for anaphylaxis. Elevating legs (
B) is not a priority and may worsen the client's condition. Replacing IV fluid (
C) is not the immediate action needed.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has received propofol during a colonoscopy. The nurse should monitor for which of the following as an adverse effect of the medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Decrease in respiratory rate. Propofol is a sedative-hypnotic medication commonly used for anesthesia during procedures like colonoscopies. It can cause respiratory depression by depressing the central nervous system. Monitoring the client's respiratory rate is crucial to detect any signs of hypoventilation or respiratory distress.
Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as propofol does not directly affect bowel function, heart rate, or body temperature. It is important for the nurse to prioritize respiratory monitoring to ensure the client's safety during and after the procedure.