ATI RN
ATI N303 Pharmacology Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer a metered dose inhaler (MDI) medication to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Shake the MDI prior to administration. This action is important to ensure proper dispersion of the medication within the device, which helps to deliver the correct dose to the client's lungs. By shaking the MDI before administration, the nurse helps prevent inconsistent dosing and ensures the client receives the intended therapeutic effect. Asking the client to inhale quickly for 1 second (choice
A) may not allow enough time for the medication to be properly delivered. Asking the client to hold their breath for 2 seconds (choice
B) is a common instruction after using an MDI, but shaking the device is crucial prior to administration. Washing the MDI canister in warm water after each use (choice
D) is unnecessary and may damage the device.
Question 2 of 5
A home health nurse is assessing an older adult client who reports falling a couple of times over the past week. Which of the following findings should the nurse suspect is contributing to the client's falls?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Alprazolam is a medication that can cause dizziness, drowsiness, and impaired coordination, increasing the risk of falls. This is a common side effect of benzodiazepines, especially in older adults. Fitted slippers (
A) may actually reduce the risk of falls by providing better support. A nonslip bath mat (
C) and a raised toilet seat (
D) are safety measures that help prevent falls.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer dextrose 5% in water (DW) 150 mL IV to infuse over 3 hr. The drop factor of the manual IV tubing is 10 gtt/mL. The nurse should set the manual IV infusion to deliver how many gtt/min? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 8 gtt/min.
To calculate the drip rate in gtt/min, we first need to determine the total drops to be infused over 3 hours. 150 mL over 3 hours is 50 mL/hr. Next, convert mL/hr to gtt/hr: 50 mL/hr x 10 gtt/mL (drop factor) = 500 gtt/hr.
To find gtt/min, divide 500 gtt/hr by 60 min = 8.33 gtt/min, rounding to the nearest whole number gives 8 gtt/min.
Therefore, the nurse should set the manual IV infusion to deliver 8 gtt/min.
Other choices are incorrect because they do not follow the correct calculation based on the drop factor and infusion rate.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a central venous catheter and reports hearing a gurgling sound on the side of the catheter insertion. Which of the following complications should the nurse suspect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Catheter dislodgment. The gurgling sound indicates air is entering the catheter, suggesting dislodgment. This can lead to air embolism, a serious complication. Catheter rupture (
B) would not typically produce a gurgling sound. Catheter migration (
C) wouldn't necessarily cause air entry. Catheter occlusion (
D) would not lead to a gurgling sound. The other choices are not relevant to the symptom described.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer lidocaine 50 mg IV bolus. Available is lidocaine 200 mg/mL. How many mL should the nurse administer (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 0.3 mL.
To calculate the volume to be administered, you divide the desired dose by the concentration of the medication:
50 mg ÷ 200 mg/mL = 0.25 mL. Since the answer needs to be rounded to the nearest tenth, the correct answer is 0.3 mL.
Choice B and the other options are incorrect as they do not accurately calculate the volume required based on the given dose and concentration of lidocaine.