ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 II Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer a medication to a client for the first time and needs to know about potential food and medication interactions. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Consult a drug reference guide for possible interactions. This is the best action because drug reference guides provide comprehensive information on potential interactions between medications and food. By consulting a drug reference guide, the nurse can ensure that the client's medication is administered safely and effectively. Checking the client's medical record (
Choice
A) may not always contain the most up-to-date information on interactions. Asking another nurse (
Choice
C) may not guarantee accurate information. Having the client take the medication on an empty stomach (
Choice
D) without proper knowledge of interactions can be harmful.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving parenteral nutrition and identifies that the client has hypoglycemia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Administer IV dextrose. Hypoglycemia in a client receiving parenteral nutrition indicates a low blood sugar level, which can be dangerous. Administering IV dextrose is the appropriate action to quickly raise the blood sugar level. Obtaining arterial blood gases (
Choice
A) is not necessary for managing hypoglycemia. Warming formula to room temperature (
Choice
B) will not address the low blood sugar level. Discontinuing the infusion (
Choice
D) would worsen the hypoglycemia by stopping the source of nutrition.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving total parenteral nutrition. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Electrolyte imbalance.
Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) provides essential nutrients directly into the bloodstream, bypassing the digestive system. This can lead to electrolyte imbalances due to the concentrated nature of the solution. Monitoring electrolyte levels is crucial to prevent complications such as hyperglycemia or hypokalemia. Diarrhea (
A), aspiration pneumonia (
B), and nausea (
D) are not typically associated with TPN administration.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is taking warfarin. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as the priority to report to the provider?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Melena. Melena is a sign of gastrointestinal bleeding, which can be a serious complication of warfarin therapy due to its anticoagulant effects. Gastrointestinal bleeding can lead to significant blood loss and requires immediate medical attention to prevent further complications. Reporting melena promptly allows the provider to assess and manage the situation effectively. Fever (
A), abdominal cramping (
C), and hair loss (
D) are not typically associated with warfarin use and do not pose immediate life-threatening risks compared to gastrointestinal bleeding.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking digoxin to treat heart failure. Which of the following factors predisposes this client to developing digoxin toxicity?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Taking a high-ceiling diuretic predisposes the client to digoxin toxicity as both medications can cause hypokalemia, which increases the risk of digoxin toxicity. High-ceiling diuretics like furosemide increase potassium excretion, leading to low potassium levels. Digoxin toxicity is more likely to occur in the setting of low potassium levels because digoxin competes with potassium for binding sites on the sodium-potassium pump in cardiac cells. This competition can result in increased digoxin binding to the pump, leading to toxicity.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not directly affect potassium levels or interact with digoxin in a way that predisposes the client to toxicity.