ATI RN
ATI nurs 180 Pharmacology Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer a medication to a client who states, 'That looks different from the pill I usually take.' Which is the best response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because the nurse acknowledges the client's concern about the medication's appearance but reassures that the medication is the same despite coming from a different manufacturer. This response shows empathy, addresses the client's worry, and provides a logical explanation, maintaining trust and ensuring safety. Option A focuses solely on the appearance of the pill and may not address the client's underlying concern. Option B dismisses the client's observation and lacks empathy. Option D assumes the difference is due to a lot number change, which may not be the case. Option E, F, G are not provided.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client following the insertion of a Nexplanon rod. Which priority instruction should the nurse provide this client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. The nurse should instruct the client that back-up methods are required for the first 24 hours following Nexplanon insertion to ensure contraception effectiveness. This is crucial because it takes time for Nexplanon to become fully effective in preventing pregnancy.
Choice B is incorrect as smoking cessation is not directly related to Nexplanon insertion.
Choice C is incorrect because Nexplanon is not associated with weight loss.
Choice D is incorrect as no contraceptive method has a 100% prevention rate.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with increased ocular pressure due to open-angle glaucoma. Which diuretic below is used specifically for open-angle glaucoma?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: acetazolamide. Acetazolamide is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that decreases intraocular pressure by reducing aqueous humor production. It is specifically used in open-angle glaucoma to lower ocular pressure. Hydrochlorothiazide (
A) is a thiazide diuretic mainly used for hypertension. Furosemide (
B) is a loop diuretic used for edema and hypertension. Spironolactone (
D) is a potassium-sparing diuretic used for heart failure and hypertension. These diuretics are not indicated for open-angle glaucoma.
Question 4 of 5
A client diagnosed with allergic rhinitis is prescribed an antihistamine to assist with symptoms. Which of the following medications below would be considered a second-generation antihistamine?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: cetirizine (Zyrtec). Second-generation antihistamines like cetirizine have a lower sedative effect compared to first-generation antihistamines. They are preferred for allergic rhinitis due to reduced side effects. Cetirizine specifically has a long duration of action and is effective in managing symptoms like sneezing, itching, and runny nose. Other choices, such as chlorpheniramine (
A), diphenhydramine (
D), and montelukast (
C), are first-generation antihistamines or leukotriene receptor antagonists, which are not considered second-generation antihistamines for allergic rhinitis treatment.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is preparing to administer promethazine (Phenergan) to a client who presents with acute vomiting. What information in the client's past medical history would alert the nurse to hold the medication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Narrow-Angle Glaucoma. Promethazine can cause pupil dilation and increase intraocular pressure, which can worsen narrow-angle glaucoma and lead to a sudden increase in eye pressure, potentially causing vision loss.
Therefore, the nurse should hold the medication in a client with narrow-angle glaucoma to prevent exacerbating the condition.
Choice A: Diabetes Mellitus - This condition does not directly contraindicate the use of promethazine for acute vomiting.
Choice B: Chronic Kidney Disease - Although caution may be needed in this population due to potential renal impairment, it is not a specific contraindication to hold promethazine.
Choice C: Iron Deficiency Anemia - This condition is not a contraindication for using promethazine in a client with acute vomiting.
In summary, the nurse should hold promethazine in a client with narrow-angle glaucoma due to the potential adverse effects on intraocular pressure.