ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 retake 1 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer a medication to a client for the first time and needs to know about potential food and medication interactions. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Consult a drug reference guide for possible interactions. This is the best action for the nurse because drug reference guides provide comprehensive information on potential interactions between medications and food. By consulting a drug reference guide, the nurse can ensure that the client receives the medication safely and effectively.
Option A is incorrect because relying on another nurse's knowledge may not guarantee accurate information. Option B is less efficient as it may not provide real-time or up-to-date information on interactions. Option D is incorrect as taking medication on an empty stomach may not necessarily prevent interactions. Consulting a drug reference guide is the most reliable and evidence-based approach in this scenario.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving vancomycin by IV infusion over 30 min. Which of the following findings indicate the client experiencing a vancomycin infusion reaction?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: B. The client experiencing hypotension indicates a possible vancomycin infusion reaction. Vancomycin is known to cause hypotension as a side effect, which could be a sign of an adverse reaction. Hypotension can be a symptom of anaphylaxis or "red man syndrome" associated with vancomycin infusion. Monitoring for hypotension is crucial during vancomycin administration.
Incorrect choices:
A: The client having an increased creatinine level is not typically associated with vancomycin infusion reactions. This finding may indicate kidney damage but is not specific to a vancomycin reaction.
C: Red and edematous IV site suggests local inflammation or infection at the IV site, not necessarily related to vancomycin infusion.
D: Ringing in the ears is a symptom of ototoxicity, a known side effect of vancomycin, but not specific to an infusion reaction.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a group of clients. Which of the following situations requires an incident report?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: A client receives their insulin before scheduled time. This situation requires an incident report because administering insulin before the scheduled time can lead to serious consequences such as hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia. An incident report is necessary to document the error, investigate the root cause, and prevent future occurrences.
Choices A, B, and D do not require an incident report as they are not considered serious incidents that could harm the client. Vomiting after medication, receiving a meal tray early, and experiencing a seizure are all important issues to address but do not necessarily indicate a mistake in care that requires documentation in an incident report.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for carbamazepine for the treatment of seizures. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following adverse effects?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Blurred vision. Carbamazepine is known to cause visual disturbances, including blurred vision, diplopia, and nystagmus. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for any changes in vision and report them promptly to the healthcare provider. Insomnia (choice
A) is not a common adverse effect of carbamazepine. Tachypnea (choice
C) refers to rapid breathing and is not typically associated with carbamazepine use. Metallic taste (choice
D) is not a common adverse effect of carbamazepine either.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer heparin subcutaneously to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take to minimize bleeding following the injection?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: A
Rationale: Grasping the skin between the thumb and forefinger creates tension, which helps prevent bleeding by stabilizing the tissue during the injection. This technique minimizes the risk of inadvertently nicking a blood vessel, reducing the likelihood of bleeding at the injection site. It also ensures accurate delivery of the medication into the subcutaneous tissue.
Incorrect
Choices:
B: Aspirating the syringe is not necessary for subcutaneous injections as it is done for intramuscular injections to check for blood return.
C: The Z-track method is used for intramuscular injections to prevent medication leakage, not for subcutaneous injections.
D: Massaging the site can increase the risk of bleeding and should be avoided following a subcutaneous injection.