ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology 2023 III Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer a medication to a client. Using the rights of medication administration. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to ensure the right medication is administered to the client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Use two client identifiers prior to administering the medication. This is crucial to ensure the right medication is given to the right client. By using two identifiers (such as name and date of birth), the nurse verifies the client's identity accurately. This step helps prevent medication errors and ensures patient safety.
Option A is not as effective as it does not directly verify the client's identity. Option B involves verifying the written order but does not confirm the client's identity. Option D is after administration and does not prevent errors.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to mix short-acting insulin with NPH insulin from two vials. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Inject air into the vial to withdraw the short-acting insulin. The rationale is to prevent the formation of a vacuum in the vial when withdrawing the insulin. By injecting air, it equalizes the pressure inside the vial, making it easier to withdraw the desired amount of insulin accurately. This step ensures that the correct dosage is obtained and minimizes the risk of contamination or air bubbles in the syringe.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect:
B: Administer the insulin within 20 min of preparing it - This is not a necessary step for mixing short-acting insulin with NPH insulin; it is more important to ensure accurate dosage.
C: Ensure the NPH insulin is drawn into the syringe first - This is incorrect as the order of drawing the insulins does not affect their mixing or effectiveness.
D: Use two separate syringes to mix the insulin - This is unnecessary and increases the risk of errors in dosage measurement
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the list of current medications for a client who has a new prescription for nitroglycerin. The nurse should identify that which of the following client medications is contraindicated for use with nitroglycerin?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Sildenafil. Nitroglycerin and sildenafil both cause vasodilation, leading to a severe drop in blood pressure when taken together, which can result in a life-threatening condition called hypotension. Gemfibrozil, lansoprazole, and diazepam do not have significant interactions with nitroglycerin and are safe to use together. It is important to avoid combining medications that have similar effects on the body to prevent adverse reactions.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the medication administration record for a client who has cancer and is receiving morphine via a PCA pump. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse clarify with the provider?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Nalbuphine. Nalbuphine is a mixed opioid agonist-antagonist and may antagonize the effects of morphine, leading to decreased pain relief. The nurse should clarify this prescription with the provider to avoid potential interference with the effectiveness of morphine.
Summary of other choices:
B: Acetaminophen - Safe to administer with morphine for pain management.
C: Ondansetron - Used for nausea and vomiting, does not directly interact with morphine.
D: Insulin glargine - Used for diabetes management, does not interact with morphine.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has started taking theophylline. Which of the following client findings should indicate to the nurse that the medication is effective?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Decreased wheezing. Theophylline is a bronchodilator used to treat respiratory conditions like asthma or COPD by relaxing the muscles in the airways, reducing wheezing. Decreased wheezing indicates improved airflow and lung function, demonstrating the medication's effectiveness. Increased blood pressure (
A) is not a common effect of theophylline and may indicate a potential adverse reaction. Decreased urine output (
C) is not a typical indicator of theophylline effectiveness and could signify dehydration or kidney issues. Increased level of consciousness (
D) is not directly related to theophylline's action on the respiratory system.