ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology Proctored Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer 4,000 units of heparin subcutaneously to a client who has deep-vein thrombosis. Available is heparin 10,000 units/mL. How many mL of heparin should the nurse administer? (Round to the nearest tenth.)
Correct Answer: 0.4
Rationale:
Correct Answer: 0.4 mL
Rationale:
To calculate the mL of heparin needed, use the formula: Desired dose/Available dose = Volume to be administered. In this case, 4,000 units / 10,000 units/mL = 0.4 mL. The nurse should administer 0.4 mL of heparin subcutaneously.
Summary of Other
Choices:
A: Incorrect. This does not follow the correct calculation method.
B: Incorrect. This does not follow the correct calculation method.
C: Incorrect. This does not follow the correct calculation method.
D: Incorrect. This does not follow the correct calculation method.
E: Incorrect. This does not follow the correct calculation method.
F: Incorrect. This does not follow the correct calculation method.
G: Incorrect. This does not follow the correct calculation method.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is teaching a guardian of a school-age child who has a new prescription for a fluticasone metered-dose inhaler. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? (SATA)
Correct Answer: C,D,E
Rationale:
Correct Answer: C, D, E
Rationale:
C: Shake the device prior to administration helps ensure proper mixing of the medication for effective delivery.
D: A spacer will make it easier to use the device by helping the child inhale the medication more effectively and reducing the risk of side effects.
E: Using a spacer also reduces the likelihood of oral thrush, a common side effect of inhaled corticosteroids.
Incorrect
Choices:
A: Soaking the inhaler in water after use is unnecessary and may damage the device.
B: Taking one inhalation as needed for shortness of breath is not an appropriate dosing instruction for a maintenance medication like fluticasone.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to initiate IV therapy for a client. Which of the following sites should the nurse use to place the peripheral IV catheter?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Nondominant dorsal venous arch. This site is ideal for peripheral IV catheter placement due to its ease of access and lower risk of complications such as nerve damage or infiltration. The dorsal venous arch is a superficial vein that is typically easy to visualize and palpate, making it a safe and effective choice for IV therapy initiation. Choosing the nondominant hand reduces the risk of interference with daily activities. The other choices are incorrect because the dominant hand should be avoided to prevent disruption of daily tasks, the distal dorsal vein is not a recommended site due to higher risk of injury, and the antecubital vein is not ideal for peripheral IV catheter placement due to higher risk of complications and discomfort for the client.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is planning teaching for a client who is trying to quit smoking. Which of the following instructions about nicotine replacement options should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Do not drink beverages while sucking on a nicotine lozenge. This instruction is important because drinking while using a nicotine lozenge can decrease its effectiveness by diluting the nicotine concentration in the mouth. This can reduce the absorption of nicotine through the oral mucosa, impacting the efficacy of the lozenge in managing nicotine withdrawal symptoms. It is essential for the client to follow this instruction to maximize the benefits of nicotine replacement therapy.
Choice A is incorrect because changing the nicotine patch every other day does not align with the recommended frequency for most nicotine patches, which are typically changed daily.
Choice C is incorrect because chewing nicotine gum for only 10 minutes before spitting it out does not allow for sufficient absorption of nicotine through the oral mucosa to effectively reduce cravings and withdrawal symptoms.
Choice D is incorrect because administering 2 sprays of nicotine nasal spray in each nostril with each dose is not a standard or recommended dosing regimen for nicotine nasal spray, which typically involves
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for theophylline, a sustained-released capsule. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: "I will need to have blood levels drawn." This statement indicates an understanding of the teaching because theophylline levels need to be monitored to ensure the medication is at a therapeutic level and not reaching toxic levels. Regular blood tests are necessary to adjust the dosage as needed.
Choice A is incorrect because theophylline should not be taken with coffee as caffeine can interact with the medication.
Choice B is incorrect as the sustained-release capsule should not be opened or sprinkled in food as it can alter the drug absorption rate.
Choice C is incorrect because fluid intake should actually be increased while on theophylline to prevent dehydration and help with drug elimination.