ATI RN
RN ATI Adult Medsurg Proctored Exam 2023 With NGN Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a client who is starting to receive hemodialysis for chronic kidney disease. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Increase your intake of protein to 1 to 1.5 grams per kilogram per day. This is because patients undergoing hemodialysis often experience protein loss during the process. Adequate protein intake helps maintain muscle mass and supports overall health. Option B is incorrect as fluid restriction is typically recommended for patients on hemodialysis due to impaired fluid removal by the kidneys. Option C is incorrect as increasing sodium intake can lead to fluid retention and exacerbate hypertension, a common complication in chronic kidney disease. Option D is not directly related to hemodialysis and is more pertinent to diabetes management.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has multiple leg fractures and is 24 hr postoperative following placement of skeletal traction. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Correct Answer: A. Inspect the pin sites at least every 8 hr.
Rationale:
1. Inspecting pin sites regularly is crucial to monitor for signs of infection or other complications.
2. Postoperative clients with skeletal traction are at high risk for pin site infections.
3. Regular inspection allows early detection and intervention to prevent complications.
4. Waiting longer than every 8 hours may lead to delayed identification of issues.
Summary:
B. Applying direct pressure is contraindicated as it can cause harm.
C. Removing traction weights without medical order can lead to complications.
D. Encouraging vigorous movement is inappropriate and can cause harm.
Question 3 of 5
A home health nurse is inspecting a clients residence for electrical hazards as part of the agencys quality improvement plan. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a safety hazard?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Correct Answer: A. An IV pump is plugged into an outlet near a sink.
Rationale: Plugging an IV pump near a sink poses a significant risk of electrical shock due to water exposure. Water conducts electricity and can lead to electrocution. This situation directly violates electrical safety guidelines.
Summary of other choices:
B. A lamp with a short cord in the bedroom: While a short cord may not be ideal, it does not pose an immediate safety hazard unless it is frayed or damaged.
C. A television plugged into a surge protector: This is a safe practice as surge protectors help prevent damage from power surges and do not pose a direct safety hazard.
D. The client uses a nightlight in the hallway: Nightlights are commonly used for safety and do not typically pose an electrical hazard if used correctly.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a client who is scheduled for surgery and has a latex allergy. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Place monitoring cords and tubes in a stockinette. This is important for the client with a latex allergy because stockinettes provide a barrier between the latex-containing materials and the client's skin, reducing the risk of allergic reactions. Using powder-free latex gloves (choice
A) is a good practice, but it is not directly addressing the risk of exposure to latex for the client. Avoiding iodine-based antiseptics (choice
C) is not necessary unless the client has a specific allergy to iodine. Administering prophylactic antihistamines (choice
D) is not a standard practice for latex allergies and may not prevent an allergic reaction.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should identify which of the following findings as an indication of a microvascular complication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Retinopathy. In type 2 diabetes mellitus, microvascular complications involve damage to small blood vessels. Retinopathy specifically affects the blood vessels in the retina, leading to vision problems. Peripheral neuropathy (
A) is a macrovascular complication affecting nerves. Hypertension (
B) is a common comorbidity in diabetes but not a direct microvascular complication. Stroke (
D) is a macrovascular complication involving larger blood vessels in the brain.
Therefore, the presence of retinopathy is a clear indication of a microvascular complication in a client with type 2 diabetes mellitus.