ATI RN
ATI RN Adult Medical Surgical 2023 Questions Correct Answers Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a client who has mucositis related to chemotherapy treatment. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Wear your dentures only during meals. This instruction is important for a client with mucositis because wearing dentures continuously can exacerbate irritation and discomfort in the mouth. By removing dentures between meals, the client can allow the oral tissues to rest and promote healing.
Choice A is incorrect because vigorous brushing for 60 seconds can further irritate the mucositis.
Choice C is incorrect as flossing can also cause trauma to the inflamed tissues.
Choice D is incorrect as rinsing with hydrogen peroxide can be too harsh and may worsen the condition. It's important to provide gentle care and minimize irritation to the affected areas in mucositis.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a group of clients who are 12 hr postoperative. The nurse should identify that the client who had which of the following procedures is at risk for developing fat embolism syndrome?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Internal fixation of a fractured hip. Fat embolism syndrome (FES) typically occurs in long bone fractures or orthopedic surgeries like hip fixation due to fat droplets entering the bloodstream. These fat droplets can travel to the lungs, brain, and other organs, causing respiratory distress, neurological symptoms, and petechial rash. In contrast, choices A, B, and D are not associated with a high risk of FES. Thyroidectomy involves removal of the thyroid gland, repair of torn rotator cuff involves shoulder surgery, and tympanoplasty involves repairing the eardrum, none of which typically lead to fat embolism.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has COPD. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Consume a diet that is high in calories. Patients with COPD often have increased energy needs due to the increased work of breathing. Providing a high-calorie diet helps maintain energy levels and prevent weight loss.
Choice B is incorrect because adequate hydration is crucial to help thin mucus and make it easier to clear from the airways.
Choice C is incorrect as strenuous exercise can exacerbate COPD symptoms; moderate exercise is recommended.
Choice D is incorrect because carbohydrates are an essential energy source and reducing intake can lead to increased fatigue in COPD patients.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) line in her left forearm. The client is receiving an antibiotic via intermittent IV bolus every 12 hr. Which of the following actions should the nurse take in managing the client's PICC line?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
Correct Answer: D - Flush the catheter with a 0.9% sodium chloride solution after each use.
Rationale: Flushing the catheter with 0.9% sodium chloride solution after each use helps prevent clot formation, maintains patency, and ensures proper functioning of the PICC line. This action also helps prevent infection and occlusions.
Incorrect
Choices:
A: Accessing the catheter using a non-coring needle is not necessary for routine care of a PICC line.
B: Changing the transparent membrane dressing daily may increase the risk of infection and disrupt the integrity of the dressing.
C: Maintaining a continuous IV infusion through the PICC line is not indicated for a client receiving intermittent IV bolus antibiotics.
E, F, G: No additional choices provided.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has acute gout. The nurse should expect an increase in which of the following laboratory results?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Uric acid. In acute gout, there is an accumulation of uric acid crystals in the joints, leading to inflammation and pain. As a result, the uric acid levels in the blood increase. Monitoring uric acid levels helps in diagnosing and managing gout.
Explanation for other choices:
A: Intrinsic factor - Intrinsic factor is related to vitamin B12 absorption, not gout.
C: Chloride level - Chloride level is not directly impacted by acute gout.
D: Creatinine kinase - Creatinine kinase is an enzyme related to muscle breakdown, not specifically affected by gout.