ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 IV Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is planning to teach a group of nurses about the uses of mannitol. Which of the following client conditions is an indication for administering this medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: a client who has increased intraocular pressure. Mannitol is a osmotic diuretic used to reduce intraocular pressure in conditions like glaucoma. It works by drawing water out of the eye, reducing pressure. The other options are incorrect because: A: deep-vein thrombosis is typically treated with anticoagulants, not mannitol. B: heart failure is treated with medications like diuretics and ACE inhibitors, not mannitol. D: intracranial bleed may require surgical intervention, not mannitol.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has stable angina and a new prescription for nitroglycerin transdermal patches 0.8 mg/hr daily. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "I will take the patch off after dinner every night." This statement indicates understanding because nitroglycerin patches are typically worn for 12-14 hours, then removed for a 10-12 hour patch-free period to prevent tolerance. Removing the patch after dinner ensures a suitable time frame for effectiveness without interruption.
Choice B is incorrect because applying a new patch to the same site repeatedly can lead to skin irritation and reduced absorption.
Choice C is incorrect as cutting the patch compromises the controlled release mechanism and can cause an uneven dose.
Choice D is incorrect because applying a second patch without medical advice can lead to overdose and severe hypotension.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who is to start taking clopidogrel. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor and report which of the following adverse effects of the medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Bruising. Clopidogrel is an antiplatelet medication that helps prevent blood clots. One of the common side effects of clopidogrel is increased risk of bleeding, which can manifest as easy bruising. Monitoring and reporting bruising is important as it could indicate potential issues with clotting.
A: Blurred vision is not a common side effect of clopidogrel.
B: Constipation is not a common side effect of clopidogrel.
D: Weight loss is not a common side effect of clopidogrel.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse in a clinic is assessing a 60-year-old client at an annual examination. The client asks the nurse about receiving a shingles vaccination. The nurse should identify that which of the following medications prescribed to the client is a contraindication for receiving this vaccine?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Methotrexate. Methotrexate is an immunosuppressive medication that can weaken the immune system, making the client more susceptible to infections. Shingles vaccine is a live vaccine, and it is contraindicated in individuals taking immunosuppressive medications due to the risk of developing the infection the vaccine is meant to prevent.
Incorrect options:
A: Metformin - Metformin does not interact with the shingles vaccine and is not a contraindication for receiving the vaccine.
C: Estrogen - Estrogen does not interact with the shingles vaccine and is not a contraindication for receiving the vaccine.
D: Esomeprazole - Esomeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor and does not interact with the shingles vaccine and is not a contraindication for receiving the vaccine.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who was prescribed phenytoin. Which of the following adverse effects of this medication should the nurse report to the provider?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Ataxia. Phenytoin is an antiepileptic medication that can cause ataxia, which is a condition characterized by loss of coordination and unsteady movements. Ataxia can be a sign of toxicity and requires immediate attention from the provider to adjust the dosage or consider alternative treatments.
A: Gingival hyperplasia is a common side effect of phenytoin but is not typically considered an urgent issue requiring immediate provider notification.
B: Drowsiness is a common side effect of phenytoin and may not necessarily indicate toxicity.
D: Hirsutism, or abnormal hair growth, is not typically associated with phenytoin use and is not a known adverse effect of the medication.
Therefore, the nurse should report ataxia to the provider as it may indicate a serious problem with the medication.