ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology Proctored Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is planning to administer medication to an older adult client who has dysphagia. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Mix the medications with a semisolid food for the client. This is the safest option for a client with dysphagia as it reduces the risk of choking or aspiration. Mixing medications with food can help make swallowing easier and safer for the client. Tilt the client's head back (
A) can increase the risk of choking. Administering more than one pill at a time (
C) can lead to swallowing difficulties. Placing medications on the back of the tongue (
D) can trigger a gag reflex in clients with dysphagia.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client about the administration of omeprazole. Which of the following should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Rationale:
Choice C is correct because omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor that works best when taken before meals to inhibit gastric acid secretion. This timing ensures optimal effectiveness of the medication.
Choices A, B, and D are incorrect.
Choice A is inaccurate because omeprazole can be taken with antacids, but it is recommended to be taken separately.
Choice B is incorrect as there is no specific need to reduce calcium intake while taking omeprazole.
Choice D is incorrect as taking a second dose without medical advice may lead to overdosing and adverse effects.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing for allergies with a client who is scheduled to receive the influenza vaccine. Which of the following allergies should the nurse report to the provider as a possible contraindication to receiving the vaccine?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Eggs. Influenza vaccines are typically produced using eggs, so individuals with egg allergies may have an allergic reaction to the vaccine. Reporting this allergy to the provider is crucial to avoid potential adverse reactions. Shellfish, peanuts, and milk allergies are not contraindications for receiving the influenza vaccine. Summary: Eggs are the correct answer due to the vaccine production method; shellfish, peanuts, and milk allergies are not relevant in this context.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of benign prostate hypertrophy and a prescription for doxazosin. The client tells the nurse, 'I do not take this medication. I would prefer a natural therapy.' Which of the following supplements should the nurse suggest the client discuss with the provider?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Saw palmetto. Saw palmetto is commonly used as a natural remedy for benign prostate hypertrophy due to its potential benefits in reducing symptoms. It works by decreasing inflammation and promoting the shrinkage of the prostate gland. The nurse should suggest discussing saw palmetto with the provider as it aligns with the client's preference for natural therapy.
Choice A: Black cohosh is not typically used for prostate issues but rather for menopausal symptoms in women.
Choice B: Garlic is not specifically indicated for benign prostate hypertrophy and is more commonly known for its cardiovascular benefits.
Choice C: Feverfew is primarily used for migraine headaches and has no direct association with prostate health.
In summary, saw palmetto is the most appropriate supplement to suggest as it targets the client's condition effectively compared to the other options provided.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking digoxin to treat heart failure. Which of the following predisposes this client to developing digoxin toxicity?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Taking a high ceiling diuretic. High ceiling diuretics, such as furosemide, can lead to hypokalemia, which increases the risk of digoxin toxicity. Digoxin competes with potassium for binding sites on the Na+/K+-ATPase pump in the heart, so low potassium levels can lead to an increased concentration of digoxin in the body, predisposing the client to toxicity.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not directly impact digoxin levels or toxicity. A history of COPD (
B) or a prolapsed mitral valve (
C) do not specifically predispose a client to digoxin toxicity. Taking an HMG CoA reductase inhibitor (
D) does not interact directly with digoxin.