ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is planning to administer a prefilled syringe of enoxaparin to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Administer the medication into the anterolateral or posterolateral abdominal area. This site is recommended for enoxaparin injection as it minimizes the risk of hitting a large blood vessel or nerve. It also provides a safe and effective route for absorption. Massaging the injection site (
Choice
A) is not recommended as it can cause bruising or irritation. Expelling air bubbles (
Choice
B) is important to prevent air embolism, but this is not typically a concern with prefilled syringes. Holding the skin taut (
Choice
C) is not necessary and may cause unnecessary discomfort. Administering the medication into other areas of the body (
Choice E, F, G) may not provide consistent absorption or could lead to complications.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to titrate a continuous nitroprusside infusion for a client. The nurse should plan to titrate the infusion according to which of the following assessments?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Blood pressure. When titrating a nitroprusside infusion, monitoring blood pressure is crucial as nitroprusside is a potent vasodilator that can cause hypotension. By adjusting the infusion rate based on blood pressure readings, the nurse can prevent hypotension or hypertension. Monitoring stroke volume, cardiac output, or urine output is not specific to nitroprusside titration and may not reflect the immediate effects of the medication on blood pressure. Blood pressure is the most direct indicator of the medication's hemodynamic effects and guides titration to maintain optimal perfusion pressure.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a group of clients. Which of the following situations requires an incident report?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because administering insulin 1 hr before scheduled time can have serious consequences on the client's blood sugar levels. Incident reports are required for any unexpected or adverse events that occur during client care.
Choices A and B are expected outcomes that do not necessarily require incident reports.
Choice D, receiving a meal tray late, is a minor issue that does not pose immediate harm to the client.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has received propofol during a colonoscopy. The nurse should monitor for which of the following as an adverse effect of the medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Decrease in respiratory rate. Propofol is a sedative-hypnotic medication that can cause respiratory depression as a common adverse effect. This is due to its central nervous system depressant effects. The nurse should monitor the client closely for signs of decreased respiratory rate, such as shallow breathing or respiratory distress. Monitoring respiratory status is crucial to prevent respiratory compromise or arrest.
Other choices are incorrect:
A: Increase in heart rate - Propofol typically causes a decrease in heart rate, not an increase.
C: Increase in bowel function - Propofol does not affect bowel function.
D: Decrease in body temperature - Propofol is not known to cause a decrease in body temperature.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client in the post-anesthesia unit who is experiencing malignant hyperthermia. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse anticipate administering?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Dantrolene. Dantrolene is the drug of choice for treating malignant hyperthermia, a rare but life-threatening condition triggered by certain medications used during anesthesia. Dantrolene works by inhibiting the release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum in skeletal muscle cells, which helps to reduce muscle contractions and hyperthermia. Verapamil (
A) is a calcium channel blocker used for different purposes. Naloxone (
B) is an opioid antagonist used for opioid overdoses. Cefazolin (
C) is an antibiotic used for treating infections. In summary, Dantrolene is the appropriate choice for managing malignant hyperthermia due to its mechanism of action in preventing further muscle contraction and hyperthermia.