ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatric Nursing 2023 II Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is planning postoperative care for an adolescent following scoliosis repair with spinal instrumentation. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Ensure two nurses logroll the adolescent every 2 hr. This is important post-scoliosis repair with spinal instrumentation to prevent complications like pressure ulcers or injury to the surgical site. Logrolling helps maintain alignment of the spine and reduces strain on the surgical area. Offering sips of water 4 hr postop (
A) may not be appropriate due to anesthesia effects. Ambulating 12 hr postop (
B) may be too early and risky. Maintaining the bed at a 30° angle (
C) is not specific to spinal surgery care.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the complete blood count results for a 4-year-old child who is receiving treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the treatment is having a therapeutic effect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: RBC count 5/mm3 (4 to 5.5/mm3). In patients receiving treatment for leukemia, a decrease in the RBC count is expected due to the suppression of bone marrow activity by chemotherapy. A decrease in the RBC count can indicate that the treatment is working by targeting and reducing the abnormal leukemic cells. This is a positive therapeutic effect as it indicates that the treatment is effectively targeting the cancer cells.
A: Hemoglobin 6.8 g/dL - Low hemoglobin indicates anemia, which is a common side effect of leukemia treatment but does not specifically indicate therapeutic effect.
B: Platelet count 98,000/mm3 - Low platelet count is common in leukemia due to bone marrow suppression, but it does not directly indicate therapeutic effect.
D: WBC count 15,000/mm3 - Elevated WBC count is expected in leukemia and may not reflect therapeutic effect.
Therefore, the correct answer is C as
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reviewing safety measures with a group of parents to prevent burn injuries for toddlers. Which of the following safety measures should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Correct Answer: B - Keep electrical wires hidden from view.
Rationale: Keeping electrical wires hidden reduces the risk of toddlers getting access to them, preventing electrical burns. This safety measure is crucial as toddlers are curious and may try to touch or play with exposed wires, which can lead to serious injuries.
Summary of Other
Choices:
A: Setting the water heater to 60°C (140°F) may scald toddlers if the water is too hot. This measure does not specifically address burn prevention for toddlers.
C: Encouraging outdoor activities between specific hours does not directly relate to burn prevention. It is important for sun safety but does not address burn injuries from other sources.
D: Turning pot handles toward the front of the stove is a good safety practice to prevent accidental spills and burns, but it does not cover the broader aspect of burn prevention for toddlers.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is providing instructions about a 24-hr urine collection to an adolescent client. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Discard the first voided specimen. This is because the first voided specimen may contain substances that have accumulated overnight and are not representative of the 24-hour collection. It is important to start the collection after discarding the first void and then collect all subsequent voids over the next 24 hours.
Choice B is incorrect as voiding every hour is not necessary for a 24-hour urine collection.
Choice C is incorrect because cleansing with a povidone-iodine solution is not typically required for a urine collection.
Choice D is incorrect because saving the final specimen in a separate container is unnecessary and may lead to confusion.
Extract:
Nurses' Notes 0930: Parent presents child to provider's office. Parent reports the child has had a fever for 2 days and that the child has cried more than usual. Parent also reports the child has had a decreased appetite for the last 24 hr. Child febrile and lethargic. 0945: Notified provider of parent reports and child's fever. New prescriptions received. 1000: Urine sample obtained via sterile straight catheter.
Question 5 of 5
The child is at risk for developing_____ and _____.
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: The correct answer is A and B. The child is at risk for developing pyelonephritis and renal scarring. Pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection of the kidneys commonly seen in children, especially if they have underlying conditions like vesicoureteral reflux. If left untreated, pyelonephritis can lead to renal scarring, which is the deposition of fibrous tissue in the kidneys due to inflammation. This scarring can affect kidney function and potentially lead to long-term complications such as hypertension or chronic kidney disease.
Choices C, D, and E are incorrect because acute glomerulonephritis, polycystic kidney disease, and nephrotic syndrome are different conditions with distinct etiologies and clinical manifestations compared to pyelonephritis and renal scarring. It is important to monitor and manage pyelonephritis in children to prevent complications like renal scarring.