ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatric Nursing 2023 Exam 3 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is planning postoperative care for an adolescent following scoliosis repair with spinal instrumentation. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A. Offering sips of water 4 hours following surgery may be too early and could increase the risk of aspiration in the immediate postoperative period. B. Ambulation 12 hours following surgery may not be appropriate depending on the extent of the surgery and the patient's condition. It's important to follow physician orders regarding activity and mobilization. C. Maintaining the head of the bed at a 30° angle may help prevent respiratory complications but is not specific to scoliosis repair with spinal instrumentation. D. Logrolling the adolescent every 2 hours helps to prevent complications such as pressure ulcers and maintains proper alignment of the spine postoperatively.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is teaching the parent of an infant who has a new diagnosis of heart failure about nutrition. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A. Allowing the infant to self-soothe by crying prior to feeding is not appropriate, as it may lead to increased stress and fatigue, which can worsen heart failure symptoms. B. Placing the infant in an upright position during feeding helps to reduce the risk of aspiration and promotes effective swallowing. C. Infants with heart failure have a weakened heart that struggles to pump blood efficiently. Feeding can be tiring for them, and they might not be able to consume large volumes at once. A smaller, more frequent feeding schedule allows them to take in enough calories without overexertion. This approach helps manage their energy expenditure and reduces stress on the heart. D. While some infants might take longer to feed, heart failure can make feeding tiring. Offering smaller, more frequent feedings can help the infant consume enough calories without expending too much energy.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing a child for a lumbar puncture. In which of the following positions should the child be placed for the procedure?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A. Placing the child prone (face-down) is not appropriate for a lumbar puncture as it would make access to the lumbar spine difficult. B. Placing the child in a lateral position (lying on their side with knees drawn up towards the chest) allows for proper positioning of the spine for the lumbar puncture procedure. C. Placing the child supine (lying on their back) is not appropriate for a lumbar puncture as it does not provide the necessary spinal alignment for the procedure. D. Placing the child in a semi-Fowler's position (with the head of the bed elevated at a 45-degree angle) is not appropriate for a lumbar puncture as it does not facilitate access to the lumbar spine.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child who has epiglottitis due to an infection with Haemophilus influenzae type B. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: C,D,E
Rationale: A. Inspecting the epiglottis is contraindicated in suspected cases of epiglottitis as it may trigger laryngospasm and compromise the airway. B. Obtaining a throat culture may be indicated to confirm the presence of Haemophilus influenzae type B but is not an immediate priority in the management of epiglottitis. C. Monitoring oxygen saturation is crucial as respiratory distress and hypoxia are common complications of epiglottitis. D. Beginning droplet precautions is important to prevent the spread of the infectious agent to others. E. Initiating IV access is necessary for administering fluids and medications, as well as for potential airway management in severe cases of epiglottitis.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to assess a 4-year-old child's visual acuity. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A. Assessing both eyes together first, then separately, is not the standard method; typically, each eye is tested separately first to detect differences. B. Positioning the child 4.6 meters (15 feet) from the chart is incorrect; the standard distance for a Snellen chart is 20 feet (6 meters), though a 10-foot chart may be used for young children. C. Testing the child without glasses before testing with glasses may be appropriate but is not specifically related to the method of visual acuity assessment. D. Using a tumbling E chart is appropriate for assessing visual acuity in young children who may not recognize letters. The tumbling E chart uses a series of 'E' shapes facing different directions, allowing the child to indicate the direction the 'E' is facing, thus assessing visual acuity.