ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatrics 2023 Questions
Extract:
School-age child following plaster cast for right forearm fracture
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a school-age child following the application of a plaster cast for a right forearm fracture. Which of the following interventions should the nurse plan to implement?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Apply pieces of moleskin around the edges of the cast. This intervention helps prevent skin irritation and breakdown at the edges of the cast. Moleskin acts as a barrier between the cast and the skin, reducing friction and pressure. It promotes comfort and skin integrity.
Choice A is incorrect because applying plastic covering to the cast until dry can trap moisture, leading to skin maceration.
Choice C is incorrect as repositioning the cast with fingertips can compromise its integrity and fit.
Choice D is incorrect because maintaining the casted extremity below heart level can increase swelling and compromise circulation.
Extract:
Infant who weighs 7.8 kg (17.2 lb) admitted yesterday for moderate dehydration
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for an infant who weighs 7.8 kg (17.2 lb) and was admitted yesterday for treatment of moderate dehydration. Which of the following findings indicates to the nurse that the infant's condition is improving?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Fontanelle is level and soft. This finding indicates improved hydration status in infants. The fontanelle is a soft spot on the infant's skull that can indicate dehydration if sunken or bulging. A level and soft fontanelle suggest adequate hydration and improved condition.
A: Respiratory rate 70/min - This finding does not directly indicate improvement in dehydration status.
B: Capillary refill is greater than 3 seconds - Prolonged capillary refill time is a sign of poor perfusion and dehydration.
C: Dry mucous membranes - Dry mucous membranes are a sign of dehydration and do not indicate improvement.
Summary: The other choices are incorrect as they do not specifically reflect improvement in the infant's dehydration status.
Extract:
Client postoperative following placement of a halo vest to manage a cervical vertebral fracture
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following placement of a halo vest to manage a cervical vertebral fracture. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Assess the pin sites for infection once every other day. This is crucial in postoperative care of a client with a halo vest to prevent infection, which can lead to serious complications. By assessing the pin sites regularly, the nurse can detect any signs of infection early and initiate appropriate treatment promptly. Repositioning the client using a turning sheet (
A) may be necessary for comfort but is not the priority. Tightening the screws on the halo device (
B) without specific orders can cause harm. Encouraging flexion and extension of the neck (
C) is contraindicated as it can compromise the stability provided by the halo vest.
Extract:
Infant with a new diagnosis of heart failure
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is teaching the parent of an infant who has a new diagnosis of heart failure about nutrition. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
Rationale: Option D is correct because implementing a 3-hour feeding schedule helps prevent fluid overload in infants with heart failure. This schedule allows for proper digestion and prevents excessive intake that can worsen heart failure symptoms. Placing the infant in a recumbent position (Option
A) can increase the risk of aspiration. Allowing 45 min for each feeding (Option
B) may result in overfeeding. Allowing the infant to self-soothe by crying (Option
C) can lead to stress and worsen the condition.
Therefore, the correct choice is D to manage fluid intake effectively and prevent complications.
Extract:
Toddler who is cognitively impaired
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is evaluating the pain level of a toddler who is cognitively impaired to a non-pharmacologic intervention. Which of the following pain scales should the nurse use to evaluate the toddler's pain level?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: FLACC. The FLACC scale is specifically designed for assessing pain in non-verbal or cognitively impaired individuals, such as toddlers. It evaluates five categories: Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, and Consolability. Each category is scored from 0-2, and the total score helps gauge the pain level. This scale is effective for assessing pain in individuals who cannot verbalize their discomfort.
Visual analog (
B) and FACES (
C) scales rely on the patient's ability to understand and communicate their pain level, which may not be suitable for a cognitively impaired toddler. The CRIES scale (
D) is used for newborns and infants, not toddlers.