ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatrics 2023 Questions
Extract:
Preschooler with neutropenia
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a preschooler who has neutropenia. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Avoid raw fruits and vegetables in the child's diet. Neutropenia is a condition characterized by a low level of neutrophils, a type of white blood cell that helps fight infections. Raw fruits and vegetables may contain bacteria that can be harmful to a child with neutropenia, as their immune system is compromised. Cooking these foods can help reduce the risk of infection.
Therefore, this intervention is crucial in preventing potential infections in the child.
Other choices are incorrect:
B: Bathing the child every other day is not directly related to managing neutropenia. It is important for hygiene but does not specifically address the increased risk of infection in neutropenic children.
C: Obtaining the child's rectal temperature once daily is important for monitoring fever, but it does not directly address the dietary considerations needed for neutropenia.
D: Administering vaccines prior to discharge is important for preventing infections in general, but it is not specific to the dietary
Extract:
Child for a lumbar puncture
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing a child for a lumbar puncture. In which of the following positions should the child be placed for the procedure?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Lateral. Placing the child in a lateral position helps to widen the spaces between the vertebrae, making it easier to access the lumbar region. This position also reduces the risk of nerve damage during the procedure. Placing the child prone (
A) or supine (
D) would not provide the optimal access to the lumbar region. Semi-Fowler's position (
C) is not ideal as it does not provide the necessary alignment of the spine for a lumbar puncture.
Extract:
Child with epiglottitis due to Haemophilus influenzae type B
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child who has epiglottitis due to an infection with Haemophilus influenzae type B. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: The correct answers are A, B, and D.
A: Begin droplet precautions - This is crucial to prevent the spread of infection as Haemophilus influenzae type B is transmitted through respiratory droplets.
B: Initiate IV access - Important for administering antibiotics and fluids to manage the infection and maintain hydration.
D: Monitor oxygen saturation - Essential to assess respiratory status as epiglottitis can lead to airway obstruction and respiratory distress.
Incorrect choices:
C: Inspect the epiglottis - Direct visualization can be dangerous and can lead to worsening airway obstruction.
E: Obtain a throat culture - Not a priority in the acute care of epiglottitis; treatment should be initiated promptly based on clinical presentation.
Extract:
Child with juvenile idiopathic arthritis and a new prescription for prednisone
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a parent of a child who has juvenile idiopathic arthritis and a new prescription for prednisone. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: "Monitor your child for indications of infection." This statement is important because prednisone can suppress the immune system, increasing the risk of infections. Monitoring for signs of infection allows for early detection and treatment.
Incorrect choices:
A: Limiting potassium-rich foods is not necessary with prednisone.
C: Prednisone does not typically stimulate growth spurts.
D: Discontinuing prednisone abruptly can lead to withdrawal symptoms and should be done under medical supervision.
Extract:
Child with a prescription to transfuse 2 units of packed RBCs
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a child who has a prescription to transfuse 2 units of packed RBCs. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Infuse each unit of blood within 4 hr. This is because packed RBCs should be infused within a specific timeframe to reduce the risk of bacterial growth. Infusing each unit within 4 hours helps maintain the integrity of the blood product and decrease the risk of contamination.
Incorrect options:
A: Administering RBCs using non-filtered IV tubing can increase the risk of particulate matter entering the bloodstream.
C: Infusing dextrose 5% in water during the transfusion of packed RBCs is not recommended as it can cause hemolysis.
D: Storing the second unit of blood at room temperature for up to 2 hours is not safe practice as blood products should be stored according to specific guidelines to maintain their integrity.