ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatrics 2023 Questions
Extract:
Child in the acute stage of nephrotic syndrome
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a child who is in the acute stage of nephrotic syndrome. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Weigh the child once per day. In nephrotic syndrome, monitoring daily weight is crucial as it reflects fluid retention or loss, a key indicator of disease progression. Weight gain may indicate edema, while weight loss may indicate dehydration. This intervention helps assess the effectiveness of treatment and guides adjustments to fluid and medication management. Increasing fluid intake (
A) is not recommended as the child may already have fluid retention. Positioning the child supine at bedtime (
C) is unnecessary and may not be comfortable for the child. Limiting calorie intake (
D) is not the priority in the acute stage; maintaining adequate nutrition is important.
Extract:
School-age child with heart failure
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a school-age child who has heart failure. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: The correct findings for a child with heart failure are tachycardia (increased heart rate), dyspnea (difficulty breathing), and cyanosis (bluish discoloration of the skin). Tachycardia occurs due to the heart's inability to pump effectively, causing it to beat faster to compensate. Dyspnea results from fluid buildup in the lungs due to the heart's inability to adequately pump blood. Cyanosis is a sign of poor oxygenation in the blood. Weight loss, bounding peripheral pulses, and other choices are typically not expected findings in a child with heart failure. Weight gain due to fluid retention, weak or thready pulses, and other signs of poor perfusion would be more indicative of heart failure.
Extract:
Child receiving conditioning therapy for enuresis
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child who is receiving conditioning therapy for enuresis. Which of the following statements by the child's parent indicates the treatment is effective?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. When the child goes to the bathroom in response to the alarm going off, it demonstrates that the conditioning therapy is effective. This response shows that the child is becoming more aware of their bladder sensations and is learning to wake up to use the bathroom, which is the goal of conditioning therapy.
Incorrect choices:
A: Kegel exercises are not typically used in conditioning therapy for enuresis, so this statement does not indicate treatment effectiveness.
C: Drinking less is not necessarily a positive indicator of treatment effectiveness and could lead to dehydration.
D: Holding urine for prolonged periods can be harmful and indicates the child is not responding appropriately to their body's signals.
Extract:
Infant with necrotizing enterocolitis
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for an infant who has necrotizing enterocolitis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: A,D
Rationale: The correct answers are A and D. Necrotizing enterocolitis is characterized by symptoms like vomiting due to inflammation and damage in the intestines, and a rounded abdomen from gas accumulation. Tachypnea may occur due to pain or distress but is not a specific finding. Hypertension is not typically associated with necrotizing enterocolitis in infants.
Extract:
Child with juvenile idiopathic arthritis and a new prescription for prednisone
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a parent of a child who has juvenile idiopathic arthritis and a new prescription for prednisone. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: "Monitor your child for indications of infection." This statement is important because prednisone can suppress the immune system, increasing the risk of infections. Monitoring for signs of infection allows for early detection and treatment.
Incorrect choices:
A: Limiting potassium-rich foods is not necessary with prednisone.
C: Prednisone does not typically stimulate growth spurts.
D: Discontinuing prednisone abruptly can lead to withdrawal symptoms and should be done under medical supervision.