ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatrics 2023 Questions
Extract:
Child in the acute stage of nephrotic syndrome
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a child who is in the acute stage of nephrotic syndrome. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Weigh the child once per day. In nephrotic syndrome, monitoring daily weight is crucial as it reflects fluid retention or loss, a key indicator of disease progression. Weight gain may indicate edema, while weight loss may indicate dehydration. This intervention helps assess the effectiveness of treatment and guides adjustments to fluid and medication management. Increasing fluid intake (
A) is not recommended as the child may already have fluid retention. Positioning the child supine at bedtime (
C) is unnecessary and may not be comfortable for the child. Limiting calorie intake (
D) is not the priority in the acute stage; maintaining adequate nutrition is important.
Extract:
Child recently admitted for suspected rheumatic fever
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a child who was recently admitted for suspected rheumatic fever. The nurse should identify that which of the following laboratory tests can contribute to confirming this diagnosis? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: C,D,E
Rationale: The correct laboratory tests for confirming rheumatic fever are C-reactive protein (CRP), Antistreptolysin O (ASO) titer, and Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). CRP is elevated in inflammation, ASO titer indicates recent streptococcal infection, and ESR is elevated in inflammatory conditions like rheumatic fever. BUN (
A) is not specific to rheumatic fever. PTT (
B) is a coagulation test and not related to the diagnosis. Choosing C, D, and E is crucial for confirming rheumatic fever due to their specificity to the disease process.
Extract:
Newly admitted child with cystic fibrosis
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a newly admitted child who has cystic fibrosis. For which of the following members of the interprofessional team should the nurse initiate a referral?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Physical therapist. For a child with cystic fibrosis, physical therapy is essential to help maintain lung function through breathing exercises and airway clearance techniques. The physical therapist can also provide guidance on appropriate exercise and physical activity to improve overall respiratory health. Referring to a dietitian (choice
A) may be beneficial for nutritional support, but it is not the priority in this case. Speech-language pathologists (choice
C) mainly focus on communication and swallowing disorders, which are not directly related to cystic fibrosis. Occupational therapists (choice
D) help with daily living skills and may not be as crucial for this child's immediate needs.
Extract:
4-month-old infant during a well-baby visit
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a 4-month-old infant during a well-baby visit. For which of the following findings should the nurse notify the provider?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Doll's eye reflex intact. This reflex is typically present in infants up to 3 months old and disappears by 4 months. The persistence of this reflex beyond 4 months may indicate a neurological concern. A positive Babinski reflex (
C) is normal in infants, no head lag when pulled to a sitting position (
B) is expected by 4 months, and the presence of tears when crying (
D) is a normal developmental milestone.
Extract:
Child acting aggressively toward staff
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is applying soft limb restraints to a child who is acting aggressively toward staff. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Secure the restraints with a quick-release knot. This is important for safety reasons as quick-release knots allow for rapid removal in case of an emergency or if the child needs immediate assistance. Using a quick-release knot ensures that the restraints can be easily and quickly undone without causing harm to the child. This is crucial in situations where quick intervention may be necessary.
Explanation for other choices:
B: Assess the child every 4 hr while in restraints - While assessment is important, every 4 hours may not be frequent enough for a child in restraints.
C: Request that the provider renew the prescription for restraints every 48 hr - While renewing prescriptions is necessary, this choice does not address the immediate safety concerns related to securing the restraints.
D: Tie the restraints to the side rails of the child's bed - Tying restraints to side rails can be dangerous as it restricts movement and can lead to injury or entrapment.