ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatric Nursing 2023 II Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a child who is in the acute stage of nephrotic syndrome. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse should weigh the child once per day, preferably in the morning and using the same scale and clothing, to monitor fluid status and response to treatment. Weight is the most accurate indicator of fluid balance in children with nephrotic syndrome. Positioning the child supine at bedtime is not specifically indicated for the acute stage of nephrotic syndrome. This can worsen edema and respiratory distress. Limiting calorie intake to 45 cal/kg/day is too low and can cause malnutrition and growth failure. Increasing fluid intake to 2 L/day is contraindicated in a child with nephrotic syndrome, as it can exacerbate edema and fluid overload.
Extract:
History and Physical: A 15-year-old adolescent is admitted for a vaso-occlusive crisis. The parent reports that the adolescent has a low-grade fever and has vomited for 3 days. The adolescent reports having right-sided and low back pain. They also report hands and right knee are painful and swollen. The client reports pain as 8 on a scale of 0 to 10.
Question 2 of 5
Select the 5 interventions the nurse should include.
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: A. The nurse should not restrict oral intake, as hydration is important to prevent dehydration and further sickling. B. Hydroxyurea is used to prevent vaso-occlusive crises in patients with sickle cell disease but is not typically administered during an acute crisis; however, it may be reconciled from the home medication list. C. Meperidine (Demerol) is a potent opioid analgesic that can help alleviate severe pain associated with vaso-occlusive crises. D. Instructing the parent to ensure the pneumococcal vaccine is current is not an immediate priority but is important for long-term care.
Extract:
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a child who is 2 hr postoperative following a cardiac catheterization and finds the dressing is saturated with blood. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: This is the first step to control bleeding and prevent further blood loss. Monitoring the distal pulse is important, but controlling bleeding takes precedence. Vital signs can wait momentarily until the bleeding is under control. Reinforcing the dressing may be necessary, but controlling bleeding is the immediate priority.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing a child for a lumbar puncture. In which of the following positions should the child be placed for the procedure?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Placing the child prone (face down) is not appropriate for a lumbar puncture. Placing the child in a lateral position (lying on their side) with knees flexed is the correct position for a lumbar puncture as it allows for optimal access to the lumbar area. Placing the child supine (on their back) is not ideal for a lumbar puncture as it does not provide the necessary access to the lumbar area. Placing the child in semi-Fowler's position (lying on their back with the head of the bed elevated) is not typically used for lumbar puncture procedures.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for an infant who has necrotizing enterocolitis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Vomiting may occur with various gastrointestinal conditions but is not a specific finding associated with necrotizing enterocolitis. Bloody stools are more characteristic of this condition. Hypertension is not typically associated with necrotizing enterocolitis. Instead, infants may present with hypotension due to sepsis or shock. A rounded abdomen is a common finding in necrotizing enterocolitis due to abdominal distention from gas and fluid accumulation in the intestines. Tachypnea may occur as a result of sepsis or respiratory distress but is not specific to necrotizing enterocolitis.