ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatrics 2023 Questions
Extract:
Child with varicella
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a child who has varicella. Which of the following interventions should the nurse plan to include?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Initiate airborne precautions. Varicella, also known as chickenpox, is highly contagious and spreads through the air by respiratory droplets. Initiating airborne precautions, such as wearing a mask and isolating the child in a negative pressure room, helps prevent the spread of the virus to others. Administering aspirin for fever (choice
A) is contraindicated in varicella due to the risk of Reye's syndrome. Providing a warm blanket (choice
B) is not a priority intervention for varicella. Assessing the oral cavity for Koplik spots (choice
D) is associated with measles, not varicella.
Extract:
Preschool-age child in the immediate postoperative period following a tonsillectomy
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a preschool-age child who is in the immediate postoperative period following a tonsillectomy. Which of the following assessment findings is the priority?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: The child swallows frequently. This is the priority assessment finding because it could indicate postoperative bleeding, a potentially life-threatening complication after a tonsillectomy. Swallowing frequently may suggest blood pooling in the throat, leading to the need for prompt intervention to prevent further complications. Crying often (
A), refusing clear liquids (
B), and increased throat pain (
C) are common postoperative symptoms that can be managed with appropriate interventions.
Therefore, they are not as urgent as the possibility of postoperative bleeding indicated by frequent swallowing.
Extract:
4-year-old child
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to assess a 4-year-old child's visual acuity. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Use a tumbling E chart for the assessment. This is because a tumbling E chart is commonly used for visual acuity testing in young children who may not be able to identify letters or symbols. The E chart consists of E shapes facing in different directions, and the child is asked to point in the direction the E is facing. This allows for a more accurate assessment of visual acuity in young children compared to traditional letter charts.
Other choices are incorrect:
B: Assess both eyes together first, then each eye separately - This approach may not provide an accurate assessment of each eye's visual acuity individually.
C: Position the child 4.6 meters (15 feet) from the chart - This distance is typically used for adult visual acuity testing, not for children.
D: Test the child without glasses before testing with glasses - It is important to test the child's visual acuity with their usual correction to ensure an accurate assessment.
Extract:
Adolescent scheduled for a cardiac catheterization, guardian states, 'I don't understand why they need to do this procedure.'
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is obtaining informed consent for an adolescent who is scheduled for a cardiac catheterization. The guardian states, 'I don't understand why they need to do this procedure.' Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Notify the provider who is scheduled to perform the procedure. This is the best action because the provider can directly address the guardian's concerns and provide a detailed explanation of why the procedure is necessary. It ensures that the guardian receives accurate information from a medical professional, which can help alleviate their concerns and increase their understanding.
Rationale:
1. Involving the provider ensures that the guardian receives information from a qualified medical expert.
2. The provider can address specific concerns and provide detailed information about the procedure.
3. Direct communication with the provider can help build trust and confidence in the medical team.
4. This approach prioritizes clear communication and informed decision-making, which is essential in obtaining valid consent.
Summary:
A: Witnessing the adolescent's signature does not address the guardian's concerns or provide necessary clarification.
C: Involving the anesthesiologist may not be the most appropriate step as they are not directly involved in explaining the procedure.
D: Explaining
Extract:
4-year-old child
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to perform a venipuncture on a 4-year-old child. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to ensure atraumatic care?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: D. Apply a topical anesthetic cream 1 hr prior to the procedure.
Rationale: Applying a topical anesthetic cream helps reduce pain and discomfort during the venipuncture procedure, promoting atraumatic care. It numbs the area, making the procedure less painful for the child. This approach aligns with the principles of providing care in a child-friendly and minimally traumatic manner.
Summary:
A: Asking the parent to leave may increase the child's anxiety, contrary to atraumatic care.
B: Explaining the procedure in detail 3 hr prior may cause unnecessary stress and anxiety for the child.
C: Performing the procedure in the playroom may not address the pain and discomfort associated with the procedure.
E, F, G: Not provided, but applying a topical anesthetic cream remains the most appropriate choice for atraumatic care.