ATI RN
ATI RN Adult Medical Surgical 2023 Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is performing a cranial nerve assessment on a client following a head injury. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect if the client has impaired function of the vestibulocochlear nerve (cranial nerve VIII)?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Disequilibrium with movement. Cranial nerve VIII, the vestibulocochlear nerve, is responsible for both hearing and balance. Impaired function of this nerve can result in symptoms such as dizziness, vertigo, and disequilibrium with movement. This is because the vestibular branch of the nerve is crucial for maintaining balance and spatial orientation.
Choice A, loss of peripheral vision, is not related to cranial nerve VIII but rather to cranial nerve II, the optic nerve.
Choice B, inability to smell, is associated with cranial nerve I, the olfactory nerve.
Choice C, deviation of the tongue from midline, is a sign of dysfunction of cranial nerve XII, the hypoglossal nerve.
In summary, the correct answer is D because impaired function of the vestibulocochlear nerve (cranial nerve VIII) would result in disequilibrium with movement, while the other choices are related to different cranial
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has a new prescription for sublingual nitroglycerin. Which of the following statements made by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: "I should take this medication as soon as the pain begins." This is correct because nitroglycerin is a rapid-acting medication used to relieve chest pain associated with angina. Taking it at the onset of chest pain helps dilate blood vessels and improve blood flow to the heart muscle.
Choice A is incorrect because taking another dose after 2 minutes could lead to overdose and hypotension.
Choice B is incorrect as the tablet should be placed under the tongue, not against the cheek and gum.
Choice C is incorrect because nitroglycerin should not be chewed but allowed to dissolve under the tongue.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who reports that they cannot afford their prescribed medication. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because the nurse should address the client's financial concerns by offering a social worker to assist with resources. This option demonstrates holistic care and supports the client's well-being beyond the medical aspect. Option B is irrelevant as it does not address the medication affordability issue. Option C puts the burden on the client to find a solution. Option D is not appropriate as the client may not feel comfortable asking for a cheaper medication directly.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has anorexia. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a manifestation of malnutrition?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Alopecia. Alopecia, or hair loss, is a common manifestation of malnutrition due to inadequate intake of essential nutrients. Malnutrition can lead to hair thinning and loss. Oily skin (
A) is more commonly associated with excess intake of fats. Increased salivation (
C) is not a typical manifestation of malnutrition. Diplopia (
D), or double vision, is not directly related to malnutrition.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has left-sided heart failure. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the client is experiencing a decrease in cardiac output?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Dyspnea. In left-sided heart failure, the heart is unable to pump efficiently, leading to a decrease in cardiac output. Dyspnea (shortness of breath) occurs due to the accumulation of fluid in the lungs (pulmonary congestion), indicating decreased cardiac output. Weight gain (
A) and distended abdomen (
B) are more indicative of right-sided heart failure. Confusion (
C) can be a sign of decreased cerebral perfusion, but dyspnea is a more direct indicator of decreased cardiac output in left-sided heart failure.