ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology Proctored Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is monitoring laboratory values for a client who has chronic heart failure and is receiving digoxin. Which of the following values should the nurse report to the provider?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Potassium 2.9 mEq/L. Low potassium levels can increase the risk of digoxin toxicity, as digoxin competes with potassium for binding sites on cardiac cells. Hypokalemia can potentiate the effects of digoxin, leading to adverse cardiac effects.
Therefore, the nurse should report this low potassium level to the provider for potential adjustment of digoxin dosage or potassium supplementation.
Incorrect
Choices:
A: Sodium 1.38 mEq/dL - Low sodium levels can be concerning but are not directly related to digoxin toxicity.
B: Magnesium 1.5 mEq/L - Low magnesium levels can also increase the risk of digoxin toxicity but potassium is a more critical electrolyte to monitor in this case.
C: BUN level 10 mg/dL - BUN level within normal range and not directly related to digoxin therapy.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is 12 hr postpartum and has a third-degree perineal laceration. The client reports not having a bowel movement for 4 days. Which of the following medications should the nurse administer?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Bisacodyl 10 mg per rectum. This medication is a stimulant laxative that helps stimulate bowel movements and relieve constipation. In this scenario, the client's lack of bowel movement for 4 days postpartum, especially with a third-degree perineal laceration, can lead to discomfort and complications like fecal impaction. Administering a rectal suppository ensures a faster onset of action compared to oral medications.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect:
B: Magnesium hydroxide is an oral laxative that may take longer to have an effect compared to a rectal suppository.
C: Famotidine is a medication used to reduce stomach acid and is not indicated for constipation.
D: Loperamide is an antidiarrheal medication and would worsen the client's constipation.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is receiving a medication prescription by telephone from a provider. The provider states, 'Administer 6 milligrams of morphine IV push every 3 hours as needed for acute pain.' How should the nurse transcribe the prescription in the client's medical record?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Morphine 6 mg IV push every 3 hr PRN acute pain. This transcription accurately reflects the provider's order by specifying the medication (morphine), dose (6 mg), route (IV push), frequency (every 3 hours), and indication (acute pain). Each element is essential for safe administration and documentation.
Option B (MSO) and Option C (MS) are incorrect because they do not specify morphine. Option D includes unnecessary decimal points, which could lead to dosing errors.
In summary, option A is the correct transcription as it accurately captures all the necessary details of the provider's order for safe medication administration.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is discussing adverse reactions to pain medications in older adult clients with a newly licensed nurse. Which of the following findings should the nurse include as risk factors for an adverse drug reaction? (SATA)
Correct Answer: A,C,D,E
Rationale:
Correct Answer: A, C, D, E
Rationale:
A: Polypharmacy in older adults can increase the risk of drug interactions and adverse reactions.
C: Decreased percentage of body fat can lead to altered drug distribution and increased drug concentrations.
D: Older adults with multiple health problems may have compromised organ function, leading to increased susceptibility to adverse drug reactions.
E: Older adults are more likely to have age-related changes in drug metabolism, which can affect the pharmacokinetics of medications.
Summary:
B: Increased rate of absorption is not necessarily a risk factor for adverse drug reactions in older adults.
F & G:
Choices not provided, so cannot be considered as risk factors.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure. The nurse administered furosemide 60 mg IV bolus 30 min earlier. For which of the following findings should the nurse notify the provider?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because furosemide can cause ototoxicity, leading to hearing difficulties. The nurse should notify the provider immediately to prevent further harm. A: Potassium level within normal range is expected with furosemide. B: Dizziness upon standing is a common side effect of furosemide due to fluid loss and orthostatic hypotension. D: BUN level is within normal range and not a concern in this situation.