ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 IV Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is mixing regular insulin and NPH insulin in the same syringe prior to administering it to a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Inject air into the NPH vial first. This is because NPH insulin should be drawn up before regular insulin to prevent contamination. Injecting air into the NPH vial helps to equalize the pressure, making it easier to withdraw the correct dose. If regular insulin is drawn up first, there is a risk of contaminating the NPH vial with regular insulin.
Therefore, the nurse should always start by injecting air into the NPH vial before withdrawing the NPH insulin.
Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they do not follow the correct sequence of steps for mixing regular and NPH insulin, which could lead to inaccurate dosing or contamination.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is interviewing a client who was newly admitted prior to administering medications. The client tells the nurse, 'I forgot to tell the doctor I take albuterol for asthma.' For which of the following medications should the nurse withhold the dose and notify the provider?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Propranolol. Albuterol is a beta-2 agonist used for asthma, which can interact with beta-blockers like propranolol, potentially causing severe bronchospasm and respiratory distress. The nurse should withhold the dose and notify the provider to avoid this dangerous interaction. Isosorbide mononitrate (
A) is a nitrate used for angina, not contraindicated with albuterol. Pantoprazole (
B) is a proton pump inhibitor for acid reflux, unrelated to albuterol. Montelukast (
C) is a leukotriene receptor antagonist for asthma, not contraindicated with albuterol.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving ceftriaxone intravenously. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse identify as an allergic reaction?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hypotension. Allergic reactions to ceftriaxone can lead to a sudden drop in blood pressure, causing hypotension. This is due to the release of histamines in response to the medication, leading to vasodilation and loss of vascular tone. Polyuria, nausea, and bradycardia are not typical manifestations of an allergic reaction to ceftriaxone. Polyuria may indicate a kidney issue, nausea could be a common side effect, and bradycardia is usually not associated with allergic reactions. It is important for the nurse to recognize hypotension as a potential allergic reaction to promptly intervene and prevent further complications.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse in a clinic is assessing a 60-year-old client at an annual examination. The client asks the nurse about receiving a shingles vaccination. The nurse should identify that which of the following medications prescribed to the client is a contraindication for receiving this vaccine?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Methotrexate. Methotrexate is an immunosuppressive medication that can weaken the immune system, making the client more susceptible to infections. Shingles vaccine is a live vaccine, and it is contraindicated in individuals taking immunosuppressive medications due to the risk of developing the infection the vaccine is meant to prevent.
Incorrect options:
A: Metformin - Metformin does not interact with the shingles vaccine and is not a contraindication for receiving the vaccine.
C: Estrogen - Estrogen does not interact with the shingles vaccine and is not a contraindication for receiving the vaccine.
D: Esomeprazole - Esomeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor and does not interact with the shingles vaccine and is not a contraindication for receiving the vaccine.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse in an emergency department is assessing a client who received epinephrine. Which of the following findings should the nurse report as an adverse effect of epinephrine?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Chest pain. Epinephrine is a sympathomimetic medication that can cause vasoconstriction leading to increased cardiac workload, potentially resulting in chest pain. Bradycardia (
B) is unlikely as epinephrine typically increases heart rate. Hypoglycemia (
C) is a potential adverse effect but not specific to epinephrine. Respiratory depression (
D) is not a common side effect of epinephrine.