ATI RN
ATI N103N103 Fundamentals Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is giving preoperative instructions to a patient scheduled for surgery. The patient tells the nurse, 'I will prepare my advance directives before I come to the hospital.' Which statement shows the client understands advance directives?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The statement about not wanting to be kept on a breathing machine shows the client understands that advance directives specify medical treatment preferences, such as life-sustaining measures. The other options reflect misunderstandings, such as needing doctor approval, surgery dependency on forms, or confusion about healthcare proxy designation.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving a unit of packed RBCs. The client appears flushed and reports low-back pain. After stopping the transfusion, which intervention is important to complete FIRST?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Keeping the IV line open with 0.9% normal saline through new tubing is the first priority to maintain access for emergency treatments. This ensures hydration and readiness for medications, preceding provider notification, blood bank reporting, or urine collection.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who had an arterial blood gas drawn. The pH on the ABG is 7.10. What acid-base imbalance does this client have?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A pH of 7.10 (below 7.35) indicates acidosis. Hyperkalosis (
A) and hyponatremia (
B) are electrolyte imbalances and alkalosis (
D) requires a high pH.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a client who has manifestations of a Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) infection. Which action should the nurse plan to take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Gown and gloves prevent contact transmission of C. difficile. Masks are unnecessary, alcohol-based sanitizers are ineffective against spores, and blood tests don’t diagnose C. difficile.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who will be placed on strict bed rest after surgery. The nurse should educate the client on the use of an incentive spirometer. The use of an incentive spirometer would prevent which postoperative complication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: An incentive spirometer encourages deep breathing to prevent atelectasis by keeping alveoli open. It does not directly prevent UTIs, DVT, or constipation, which require other interventions like hygiene, compression stockings, or dietary measures.