ATI RN
ATI Medsurg Proctored Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is explaining DIC to a client with septic shock. What should the nurse say?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DI
C) is characterized by abnormal coagulation involving fibrinogen. In DIC, there is widespread activation of the clotting cascade leading to the formation of microthrombi. This process consumes clotting factors like fibrinogen, leading to bleeding tendencies. Vitamin K deficiency (
B) primarily affects the production of clotting factors, but it is not the direct cause of DIC. Bone marrow suppression (
C) and an underactive clotting system (
D) are not accurate explanations for DIC.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching about a heart healthy diet to a group of clients with hypertension. Which of the following statements by one of the clients indicates a need for further teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "I may eat 10 ounces of lean protein each day." This statement indicates a need for further teaching because consuming 10 ounces of lean protein daily may lead to excessive protein intake, which can strain the kidneys and potentially worsen hypertension. Clients with hypertension should limit protein intake and focus on lean sources in moderation.
Choices B, C, and D are correct as they align with a heart-healthy diet by limiting sodium intake, increasing fruits and vegetables, and avoiding fried foods and processed meats, respectively.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has septic shock about the development of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because DIC is characterized by abnormal coagulation involving fibrinogen. In septic shock, the body's response triggers widespread activation of the coagulation system, leading to the consumption of clotting factors like fibrinogen. This results in the formation of microclots throughout the body, leading to organ dysfunction.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as DIC is not caused by increased fibrinogen levels, a reduction in platelet production, or a decrease in clotting factors. It is essential for the nurse to emphasize the role of abnormal coagulation involving fibrinogen in DIC to help the client understand the pathology and potential complications associated with septic shock.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is 2 hours postoperative following a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) gland. Which of the following assessments should the nurse view to be an indication of a postoperative complication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Output of burgundy colored urine. This indicates possible hemorrhage, a serious complication post-TURP. Dark amber urine (
A) may suggest dehydration. Clear, light pink urine (
B) is expected due to bladder irrigation post-TURP. Bright red urine (
C) is common initially but should decrease over time. Burgundy colored urine (
D) indicates active bleeding and requires immediate intervention.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is establishing health promotion goals for a female client who smokes cigarettes, has hypertension, and has a BMI of 26. Which of the following goals should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: The client will walk for 30 min 5 days a week. Walking is a feasible and effective form of exercise for overall health promotion. It helps improve cardiovascular health, which is important for someone with hypertension. It also aids in weight management, addressing the client's elevated BMI. Additionally, it can assist in smoking cessation efforts by reducing cravings and stress. Quitting smoking (choice
B) is crucial but may require a longer timeline. Reducing BMI to 22 in 6 months (choice
C) may be too aggressive and unrealistic. Eating low-fat meals (choice
D) is beneficial but focusing solely on diet may not address the client's overall health needs.