ATI RN
ATI Medsurg Proctored Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is discharging a child who has sickle cell anemia after an acute crisis episode. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Offer fluids to your child multiple times every day. This is important in sickle cell anemia to prevent dehydration and promote good blood flow, reducing the risk of sickling and subsequent crisis episodes. Adequate hydration helps maintain the flexibility of red blood cells and prevents them from clumping together. Options B, C, and D are incorrect because limiting fluid intake can lead to dehydration and worsen the symptoms of sickle cell anemia during and after a crisis episode. It is essential to encourage regular fluid intake to keep the child well-hydrated and prevent complications.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse in a provider's office is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who takes furosemide for hypertension. The nurse notes that the client's potassium level is 3.3 mEq/L. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following complications?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Cardiac dysrhythmias. Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can lead to hypokalemia, which is a potassium deficiency. A potassium level of 3.3 mEq/L is below the normal range (3.5-5.0 mEq/L) and can increase the risk of cardiac dysrhythmias due to the role potassium plays in maintaining the heart's electrical activity. Hypertension (
A) is not directly related to low potassium levels. Hyperkalemia (
B) is the opposite of what the client is experiencing. Pulmonary edema (
D) is not typically associated with low potassium levels.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse in an urgent care center is caring for a client who is having an acute asthma exacerbation. Which of the following actions is the nurse's highest priority?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administering a nebulized beta-adrenergic. This is the highest priority because it helps to rapidly dilate the bronchioles, improving airflow and oxygenation in the client. This immediate action is crucial in managing an acute asthma exacerbation and can prevent respiratory distress. Providing supplemental oxygen (
B) is important but not the highest priority. Administering an intravenous corticosteroid (
C) is beneficial for reducing inflammation but takes longer to take effect compared to a beta-adrenergic. Encouraging the client to use their inhaler (
D) is helpful, but in an acute exacerbation, a nebulized beta-adrenergic is more effective for immediate relief.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is teaching a group of newly licensed nurses on effective techniques for counseling clients about sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because asking about the client's exposure to any past or present STIs is crucial for effective counseling. Understanding the client's history helps in assessing risk factors, determining appropriate interventions, and providing tailored education. It also promotes trust and open communication.
Choice B is incorrect as advising clients not to disclose their sexual history hinders the nurse's ability to provide comprehensive care and support.
Choice C is incorrect because focusing only on present symptoms may overlook important information needed for proper assessment and management.
Choice D is incorrect as only asking about high-risk behavior limits the scope of the assessment and may miss potential risk factors.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse in a cardiac care unit is caring for a client with acute right-sided heart failure. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Elevated central venous pressure (CVP). In right-sided heart failure, the right ventricle fails to effectively pump blood to the lungs, causing blood to back up in the systemic circulation. This leads to increased pressure in the venous system, including the central veins. Elevated CVP is a classic sign of right-sided heart failure. Low blood pressure (
A) is more commonly associated with left-sided heart failure. Decreased urine output (
C) may occur due to poor perfusion but is not specific to right-sided heart failure. Increased lung crackles (
D) are typically seen in left-sided heart failure, not right-sided heart failure.