ATI RN
ATI Nur 270 Pediatrics GI Questions
Extract:
A child who has sickle cell anemia after an acute crisis episode.
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is discharging a child who has sickle cell anemia after an acute crisis episode. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Offer fluids to your child multiple times every day. This is important for children with sickle cell anemia to prevent dehydration, which can trigger a sickle cell crisis. Sickle cell anemia causes red blood cells to become rigid and sickle-shaped, leading to blockages in blood vessels. By offering fluids regularly, the child's blood volume is maintained, reducing the risk of sickle cell crises.
A: Monitoring temperature is important but not directly related to preventing crises.
B: Cold compresses may provide temporary relief but do not address the underlying issue of dehydration.
C: Restricting outdoor play may limit physical activity but does not address fluid intake.
Summary: Offering fluids is crucial for managing sickle cell anemia by preventing dehydration and reducing the risk of crises. The other choices do not directly address this key concern.
Extract:
A 2 month old child with a fever of 101.76, appears toxic with poor color.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a 2 month old child with a fever of 101.76.sampling for a complete blood count is necessary for diagnosing infection but is not as urgent as administering antibiotics in a toxic-appearing child.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Administer antibiotics as prescribed. Administering antibiotics promptly is crucial in a toxic-appearing child with a fever, as it helps treat the infection and prevent complications. Complete blood count (
Choice
C) may provide further information but is not as urgent as starting antibiotics. Replacing fluids orally (
Choice
A) can be beneficial but is not the priority in this scenario. Obtaining a urinalysis (
Choice
D) may be helpful in specific cases but is not the immediate action needed for a toxic-appearing child with fever.
Extract:
A child with renal failure undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD).
Question 3 of 5
The home health care nurse is visiting a child with renal failure undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Which of the following would lead the nurse to identify a nursing diagnosis of fluid overload related to CAPD?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: B - Shortness of breath
Rationale: Fluid overload in a child with renal failure undergoing CAPD can manifest as shortness of breath due to pulmonary congestion from excess fluid accumulation. This is because the peritoneal dialysis fluid may not be effectively removing the excess fluid from the body. Shortness of breath is a key indicator of fluid overload in this context, as the child may experience difficulty breathing due to increased volume of fluid in the lungs.
Incorrect
Choices:
A: Poor skin turgor is a sign of dehydration, not fluid overload.
C: Redness at the tube insertion site may indicate infection, not fluid overload.
D: Fever may suggest infection or other systemic issues, not specifically fluid overload.
Summary: Shortness of breath is the most relevant indicator of fluid overload in a child with renal failure undergoing CAPD, as it directly reflects the inability of the dialysis process to adequately remove excess fluid. The other choices are more indicative of different issues such as dehydration
Extract:
A 6 year old child with vesicular rash and honey crusted plaques around the nose and mouth.
Question 4 of 5
A 6 year old child presents to the pediatric clinic with vesicular rash and honey crusted plaques around the nose and mouth. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates the need for further teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. This child likely has impetigo, a bacterial skin infection that requires antibiotics, not antiviral ointment. The vesicular rash and honey-crusted plaques are classic signs of impetigo, which is caused by bacteria, not a virus.
Therefore, the parent's statement about filling a prescription for antiviral ointment is incorrect and indicates a need for further teaching. Antibiotics, not antiviral medications, are necessary to treat impetigo effectively.
Choices A, B, and C are all appropriate measures to prevent the spread of infection and are not indicative of a need for further teaching in this scenario.
Extract:
A 3 year old child with upper respiratory infection and low-grade fever being treated with Acetaminophen.
Question 5 of 5
A 3 year old child with upper respiratory infection and low-grade fever is being treated with Acetominophen. The nurse is reviewing important anticipatory guidance with the parents which statement by the parents indicates the need for further teaching about this medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: B
Rationale:
- Giving Acetaminophen every 2 hours is excessive and can lead to overdose.
- The maximum daily dose of Acetaminophen for a child is 3000-4000 mg, not just for irritability.
- Giving Acetaminophen rectally is not recommended due to variable absorption.
- Yellowing of the eyes is a sign of liver toxicity, a rare but serious side effect.
- Incorrect choices E, F, and G are not applicable.
Summary:
Choice B is incorrect because exceeding the maximum daily dose of Acetaminophen can be harmful.
Choices A and C involve dosing frequency and route of administration, which are important considerations.
Choice D is crucial for monitoring potential adverse effects.