ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology Proctored Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is consulting a formulary about a client's new prescription for raloxifene. The nurse should identify that this medication is used to treat which of the following conditions?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Osteoporosis. Raloxifene is a medication used to prevent and treat osteoporosis in postmenopausal women by increasing bone mineral density and reducing the risk of fractures. It is a selective estrogen receptor modulator. The other choices (B, C, D, E, F, G) are incorrect because raloxifene is not indicated for hypothyroidism, urinary tract infection, or any other condition besides osteoporosis. It is important for the nurse to understand the specific indications and mechanisms of action of medications to ensure safe and effective patient care.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is in shock and is receiving an infusion of albumin. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Correct Answer: C - Increase in BP
Rationale: Albumin is a colloid solution that helps increase plasma volume, leading to an increase in blood pressure in patients with shock. This increase in BP is an expected outcome when administering albumin to a patient in shock.
Incorrect choices:
A: Oxygen saturation 96% - This finding is not directly related to the administration of albumin and does not indicate the expected response in a patient in shock.
B: PaCO2 30 mm Hg - PaCO2 levels are not typically influenced by the administration of albumin and are not a specific expected finding in this scenario.
D: Decrease in protein - Albumin is a protein, so administering it would not lead to a decrease in protein levels in the patient.
Summary: The correct answer is C because albumin infusion helps increase blood pressure in patients in shock.
Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they are not directly related to the expected outcome of administering albumin in
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking lithium and reports starting a new exercise program. The nurse should assess the client for which of the following electrolyte imbalances?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Hyponatremia. When a client taking lithium starts a new exercise program, they are at risk for developing hyponatremia due to increased sweating and sodium loss. Hyponatremia can lead to symptoms such as confusion, muscle weakness, and seizures. Assessing for hyponatremia is crucial to prevent serious complications.
Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they are not typically associated with lithium use or new exercise programs. Hypocalcemia (
A) is more commonly linked to thyroid or parathyroid issues. Hypokalemia (
B) is usually caused by diuretic use or gastrointestinal losses. Hypomagnesemia (
D) is often related to alcoholism or malnutrition.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is teaching a guardian of a school-age child who has a new prescription for a fluticasone metered-dose inhaler. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? (SATA)
Correct Answer: C,D,E
Rationale:
Correct Answer: C, D, E
Rationale:
C: Shake the device prior to administration helps ensure proper mixing of the medication for effective delivery.
D: A spacer will make it easier to use the device by helping the child inhale the medication more effectively and reducing the risk of side effects.
E: Using a spacer also reduces the likelihood of oral thrush, a common side effect of inhaled corticosteroids.
Incorrect
Choices:
A: Soaking the inhaler in water after use is unnecessary and may damage the device.
B: Taking one inhalation as needed for shortness of breath is not an appropriate dosing instruction for a maintenance medication like fluticasone.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse inadvertently administers 160 mg of valsartan PO to a client who was scheduled to receive 80 mg. Which of the following actions is the priority for the nurse to take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Evaluate the client for orthostatic hypotension. In this situation, the nurse administered double the prescribed dose of valsartan, which is an antihypertensive medication. Valsartan can cause a sudden drop in blood pressure, leading to orthostatic hypotension, especially at higher doses.
Therefore, the priority action for the nurse is to assess the client for signs and symptoms of orthostatic hypotension such as dizziness, lightheadedness, or fainting. This immediate evaluation is crucial to ensure the client's safety and well-being.
Other choices are incorrect because:
B: Monitoring urine output is not the priority in this scenario as the issue at hand is related to a potential adverse effect of the medication.
C: Obtaining laboratory results is not the immediate action needed in response to the medication error.
D: Checking for nasal congestion is not relevant to the situation and does not address the potential adverse effects of the