ATI RN
ATI 24 Spns 126 Med Surg Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client whose arterial blood gas values reveal a pH of 7.24, PaCO₂ of 53, and an HCO₃ of 24. The nurse should prepare to treat the client for which of the following acid-base imbalances?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Low pH (7.24) and high PaCO₂ (53) indicate respiratory acidosis due to CO₂ accumulation from inadequate ventilation.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is scheduled for lithotripsy about conditions that can contribute to the formation of renal calculi. Which of the following conditions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Dehydration is a significant risk factor for renal calculi as it leads to concentrated urine, promoting crystallization of minerals and stone formation.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is emptying a client's urinal when she notices the urine is dark amber, cloudy, and has an unpleasant odor. The nurse should identify that these findings are likely to be the result of which of the following?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Dark amber, cloudy urine with an unpleasant odor is commonly caused by a urinary tract infection due to bacterial inflammation and pus in the urine.
Question 4 of 5
A client who is taking nitrofurantoin for a urinary tract infection voices a concern to the clinic nurse about voiding brown-colored urine. Which of the following is an appropriate response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Brown-colored urine is a harmless side effect of nitrofurantoin due to the medication itself, not indicating harm.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer potassium chloride 30 mEq PO daily. The amount available is potassium chloride 20 mEq/15mL. How many mL should the nurse administer? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth/whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. (Do not use a trailing zero))
Correct Answer: 22.6 mL
Rationale: 30 mEq ÷ (20 mEq/15 mL) = 22.56 mL, rounded to 22.6 mL.