ATI RN
ATI Fundamental Proctored Exam 2024-2025 Online Practice 250 Simulated Exam Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is collecting data about a client's pulmonary system. While auscultating the client's lungs, the nurse hears continuous gurgling, low-pitched sounds over the trachea and bronchi. Which of the following terms should the nurse use to document this finding?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Rhonchi. Rhonchi are continuous low-pitched gurgling sounds heard over the trachea and bronchi. These sounds are typically caused by the movement of air through narrowed airways due to secretions or inflammation. Crackles (
B) are discontinuous, popping sounds typically heard during inspiration and caused by fluid in the alveoli. Wheezing (
C) is a high-pitched musical sound heard on expiration and caused by narrowed airways. Friction rub (
D) is a grating, rubbing sound heard during inspiration and expiration and is typically associated with inflammation of the pleura.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assisting an older adult client plan an exercise regimen. Which of the following activities should the nurse encourage the client to avoid?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Running. Older adults may have joint issues, reduced bone density, or balance problems which could be exacerbated by the high impact nature of running. Encouraging the client to avoid running can help prevent injuries. Stretching (
A) helps maintain flexibility, resistance training (
C) improves strength, and aerobic exercises (
D) enhance cardiovascular health, all of which are beneficial for older adults.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assisting in preparing a presentation at a senior center about age-related musculoskeletal changes. Which of the following alterations is appropriate for the nurse to include?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Decreased muscle mass. As individuals age, there is a natural decline in muscle mass known as sarcopenia. This is due to a decrease in muscle fiber size and number. The nurse should include this alteration in the presentation because it is a common age-related musculoskeletal change that can lead to weakness, decreased mobility, and increased risk of falls in older adults.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because thickened vertebral disks, decreased chest width, and increased force of isometric contractions are not typical age-related musculoskeletal changes. Thickened vertebral disks are more associated with degenerative disc disease, decreased chest width is not a common age-related change, and increased force of isometric contractions is not a typical alteration seen in older adults.
Question 4 of 5
A provider prescribes isometric exercises for a client who has a knee injury. The nurse should instruct the client to expect which of the following results from completing these exercises regularly?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Increased muscle strength and tone to reduce muscle wasting. Isometric exercises involve muscle contraction without joint movement, which helps improve muscle strength and tone. This is crucial in preventing muscle wasting commonly seen in clients with knee injuries. Muscle hypertrophy (
B) is more associated with resistance training, not isometric exercises. Promotion of venous stasis (
C) is incorrect as isometric exercises actually promote circulation and reduce the risk of blood clots. Reduction in bone density loss (
D) is not directly related to isometric exercises.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is talking with a client who is beginning a program of moderate exercise. When the nurse reminds the client of the importance of doing warm-up exercises, the client asks why. Which of the following reasons should the nurse give?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Reduces the risk of injury. Warm-up exercises help increase blood flow to muscles, making them more flexible and responsive. This reduces the risk of muscle strains and injuries during exercise.
Choice A is incorrect because while warm-up exercises may help regulate body temperature during exercise, that is not the primary reason for warm-ups.
Choice B is incorrect as the primary purpose of warm-up exercises is not necessarily to enhance relaxation.
Choice D is incorrect as warm-up exercises do not specifically readjust to baseline function; they prepare the body for exercise.