ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Exam 2 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is collecting a medication history from a client who is scheduled to have a cardiac catheterization. Which of the following medications taken by the client interacts with contrast material and places the client at risk for acute kidney injury?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Metformin increases AKI risk with contrast dye, especially in renal impairment. Carvedilol, atorvastatin, and nitroglycerin do not.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving peritoneal dialysis for kidney failure. Which additional condition in the client's medical history puts the client at increased risk for the development of peritonitis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Diabetes impairs immunity, increasing peritonitis risk in peritoneal dialysis. Obesity, hemochromatosis, and ulcerative colitis are less directly linked.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic kidney disease (CKD) and reports heartburn. The provider prescribes aluminum hydroxide. The client asks, 'Why can't I just take the antacid magaldrate that my husband has at home?' The nurse explains to the client that aluminum hydroxide is the preferred antacid because it lowers which of the following?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Aluminum hydroxide binds phosphate, lowering serum phosphorus in CKD. It does not primarily affect calcium, potassium, or magnesium.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has acute kidney injury (AKI). Which of the following arterial blood gas (ABG) values would the nurse expect this client to have?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Metabolic acidosis (pH 7.26, HCO3 14) is expected in AKI due to acid accumulation. Other sets indicate respiratory or metabolic alkalosis.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse in a public clinic is researching health data on culturally diverse populations in the community. Which of the following population groups should the nurse anticipate having end-stage renal disease (ESRD) due to diabetes mellitus?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Black Americans have higher ESRD rates due to diabetes, driven by higher diabetes and hypertension prevalence.