Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: “Excessive laxative use may cause an electrolyte imbalance.” Bisacodyl is a laxative that can lead to electrolyte imbalances if used excessively. The nurse should educate the client about this potential risk.
Choice B is incorrect because bisacodyl does not specifically lead to a tear in the rectal mucosa.
Choice C is incorrect as increasing fiber intake is recommended for constipation.
Choice D is incorrect as irregular bowel movements may not always indicate poor intestinal health.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Collect one fecal smear from three separate bowel movements. This method ensures a more accurate representation of any potential occult blood in the stool. By collecting samples from three separate bowel movements, it increases the chances of detecting any abnormal blood presence consistently. This approach also minimizes the risk of false negatives that may occur if only one sample is taken.


Choice A is incorrect because getting three fecal smears from one bowel movement may not provide a reliable representation of occult blood presence across different instances.
Choice C is incorrect as it limits the sampling to only one specific time of the day, potentially missing blood that may appear at other times.
Choice D is incorrect because waiting to see blood before collecting samples may lead to delays in testing and missing intermittent bleeding episodes.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Stoma is purple. A purple stoma indicates poor blood flow, which can be a sign of ischemia or necrosis. This is a medical emergency requiring immediate intervention to prevent tissue damage. Moist stoma (choice
B) is normal. Flush stoma (choice
C) indicates proper fit of the appliance. Protruding stoma (choice
D) is also normal.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, a 21-year-old female with three final examinations on the same day. Stress can lead to increased peristalsis due to activation of the sympathetic nervous system, resulting in heightened bowel movements. In this scenario, the overwhelming stress from three final exams can trigger the body's fight-or-flight response, leading to increased peristalsis.


Choice A is incorrect because ignoring the urge to defecate does not directly relate to increased peristalsis.
Choice B is incorrect as major depressive disorder is more likely to cause decreased peristalsis due to its impact on the nervous system.
Choice C is incorrect as age and living environment are not direct factors influencing peristalsis.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale:
Correct
Answer: A. The nurse should notify the provider about a urine output of 175 mL in the past 8 hours in a client with impaired renal function. This is indicative of oliguria, which can be a sign of worsening renal function or dehydration. Notifying the provider is important for further assessment and intervention.

B: Cloudy urine after sitting for 6 hours is likely due to sediment or bacteria, not necessarily indicative of renal impairment.
C: Strong odor in first-voided urine is common and not necessarily concerning in the absence of other symptoms.
D: Urine output of 2,200 mL in the past 24 hours is within normal limits and not a cause for concern in this context.