ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatrics 2023 Questions
Extract:
Infant who weighs 7.8 kg (17.2 lb) admitted yesterday for moderate dehydration
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for an infant who weighs 7.8 kg (17.2 lb) and was admitted yesterday for treatment of moderate dehydration. Which of the following findings indicates to the nurse that the infant's condition is improving?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Fontanelle is level and soft. This finding indicates improved hydration status in infants. The fontanelle is a soft spot on the infant's skull that can indicate dehydration if sunken or bulging. A level and soft fontanelle suggest adequate hydration and improved condition.
A: Respiratory rate 70/min - This finding does not directly indicate improvement in dehydration status.
B: Capillary refill is greater than 3 seconds - Prolonged capillary refill time is a sign of poor perfusion and dehydration.
C: Dry mucous membranes - Dry mucous membranes are a sign of dehydration and do not indicate improvement.
Summary: The other choices are incorrect as they do not specifically reflect improvement in the infant's dehydration status.
Extract:
Client postoperative following placement of a halo vest to manage a cervical vertebral fracture
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following placement of a halo vest to manage a cervical vertebral fracture. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Assess the pin sites for infection once every other day. This is crucial in postoperative care of a client with a halo vest to prevent infection, which can lead to serious complications. By assessing the pin sites regularly, the nurse can detect any signs of infection early and initiate appropriate treatment promptly. Repositioning the client using a turning sheet (
A) may be necessary for comfort but is not the priority. Tightening the screws on the halo device (
B) without specific orders can cause harm. Encouraging flexion and extension of the neck (
C) is contraindicated as it can compromise the stability provided by the halo vest.
Extract:
Infant with a new diagnosis of heart failure
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is teaching the parent of an infant who has a new diagnosis of heart failure about nutrition. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
Rationale: Option D is correct because implementing a 3-hour feeding schedule helps prevent fluid overload in infants with heart failure. This schedule allows for proper digestion and prevents excessive intake that can worsen heart failure symptoms. Placing the infant in a recumbent position (Option
A) can increase the risk of aspiration. Allowing 45 min for each feeding (Option
B) may result in overfeeding. Allowing the infant to self-soothe by crying (Option
C) can lead to stress and worsen the condition.
Therefore, the correct choice is D to manage fluid intake effectively and prevent complications.
Extract:
Toddler who is cognitively impaired
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is evaluating the pain level of a toddler who is cognitively impaired to a non-pharmacologic intervention. Which of the following pain scales should the nurse use to evaluate the toddler's pain level?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: FLACC. The FLACC scale is specifically designed for assessing pain in non-verbal or cognitively impaired individuals, such as toddlers. It evaluates five categories: Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, and Consolability. Each category is scored from 0-2, and the total score helps gauge the pain level. This scale is effective for assessing pain in individuals who cannot verbalize their discomfort.
Visual analog (
B) and FACES (
C) scales rely on the patient's ability to understand and communicate their pain level, which may not be suitable for a cognitively impaired toddler. The CRIES scale (
D) is used for newborns and infants, not toddlers.
Extract:
School-age child
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is teaching the parent of a school-age child about bicycle safety. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "Your child should walk the bicycle through intersections." This instruction is crucial for bicycle safety as walking the bicycle through intersections reduces the risk of accidents with vehicles and pedestrians. It allows the child to have better control and visibility in potentially dangerous areas.
Choice B is incorrect because keeping the bicycle 3 feet from the curb is not a recommended safety practice as it may impede traffic flow and increase the risk of accidents.
Choice C is incorrect as the height of the child's feet off the ground while seated on the bicycle is not directly related to safety.
Choice D is incorrect because riding the bicycle against the flow of traffic is dangerous and increases the risk of collisions with oncoming vehicles.