ATI RN
ATI Nur307 Pediatrics Quiz Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for an infant who has necrotizing enterocolitis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Rounded abdomen. Necrotizing enterocolitis (NE
C) is a serious condition in infants characterized by inflammation and damage to the intestines. A rounded abdomen is a common finding in infants with NEC due to abdominal distension from gas and fluid accumulation. Hypertension (
A), vomiting (
C), and tachypnea (
D) are not typical findings in NEC. Hypertension is not associated with NEC, vomiting may occur but is not a defining characteristic, and tachypnea is more commonly seen in respiratory conditions. The presence of a rounded abdomen in an infant with NEC is a key indication of the disease process and should prompt immediate intervention and monitoring.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a child who has measles. Which of the following areas should the nurse inspect for Koplik spots?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Koplik spots are small, white spots with a blue-white center, surrounded by a red ring. They appear on the buccal mucosa opposite the molars. By inspecting the area C, the nurse can identify these characteristic spots.
Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because Koplik spots specifically appear on the buccal mucosa, not on other areas of the mouth or body.
Choices E, F, and G are left blank as they do not pertain to the question.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to assess a 4-year-old child's visual acuity. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Use a tumbling E chart for the assessment. This is the correct action because a tumbling E chart is commonly used for assessing visual acuity in young children who may not know their letters. The child is asked to identify the direction in which the "E" on the chart is facing, allowing for a reliable assessment of visual acuity.
A: Testing the child without glasses first is not necessary as long as the glasses are appropriate for the child's prescription.
B: Positioning the child at 4.6 meters is not necessary for testing visual acuity in young children.
C: Assessing both eyes together first does not provide an accurate assessment of each eye's individual visual acuity.
E, F, G: No information provided.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a parent of a child who has HIV. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: "I will ensure that my child is tested for tuberculosis every year." This statement indicates an understanding of the teaching because children with HIV are at higher risk for tuberculosis due to their weakened immune system. Annual testing is crucial for early detection and treatment.
Choice A is incorrect because zidovudine does not completely eliminate the risk of transmission, so vigilance is still necessary.
Choice B is incorrect as childhood immunizations are not typically repeated in remission, as the child's immune system may not respond well.
Choice D is incorrect as doubling medications without medical advice can be harmful.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to the guardian of an 11-month-old infant who has acute diarrhea. Which of the following food items should the nurse instruct the parent to provide to the infant?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Oral electrolyte solution. This is because acute diarrhea can lead to dehydration, and oral electrolyte solution helps replenish lost fluids and electrolytes. Applesauce, chicken soup, and white grape juice may worsen diarrhea due to their high sugar content. Providing clear, concise reasoning for the correct answer helps reinforce understanding and guide appropriate decision-making.