ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatrics 2023 Questions
Extract:
Infant with heart failure who vomited after digoxin
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for an infant who has heart failure and vomited following administration of digoxin. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administer the next dose as prescribed. In this scenario, the infant vomited after receiving digoxin, which is a common side effect of the medication. However, it does not mean that the dose was not absorbed. Re-administering the dose ensures that the infant receives the necessary medication for heart failure. Mixing the medication with formula (
B) may alter its absorption. Giving an antiemetic (
C) is not necessary unless vomiting persists. Increasing fluid intake (
D) is not directly related to addressing the vomiting after digoxin administration.
Extract:
Child with heart failure
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a child who has heart failure. Which of the following findings is a clinical manifestation associated with this diagnosis?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Tachypnea. In heart failure, the heart is unable to pump effectively, leading to inadequate oxygen delivery. Tachypnea occurs as the body compensates by increasing respiratory rate to improve oxygenation. Bradycardia (
A) is a slow heart rate and not typically seen in heart failure. Increased appetite (
B) is not a typical symptom of heart failure, as patients often have poor appetite due to symptoms like fluid retention. Tremors (
D) are not directly related to heart failure. In summary, tachypnea is a common clinical manifestation in heart failure due to the body's compensatory mechanism to improve oxygenation.
Extract:
3-month-old infant with diarrhea
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a 3-month-old infant who has diarrhea. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Increased hematocrit. Diarrhea can lead to dehydration in infants, resulting in a decrease in blood volume and concentration of red blood cells. This can cause an increase in hematocrit levels as the blood becomes more concentrated. Decreased heart rate (choice
A) is not typically associated with diarrhea in infants. Bulging fontanel (choice
B) is a sign of increased intracranial pressure, not related to diarrhea. Polyuria (choice
C) is excessive urination, not typically seen in infants with diarrhea.
Therefore, the correct answer is D as it directly relates to dehydration and the body's compensatory response.
Extract:
School-age child with pertussis
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a school-age child who has pertussis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct action is to report the diagnosis to the public health department (choice
C) because pertussis is a communicable disease that requires public health monitoring to prevent outbreaks. Placing the child in a protected environment (choice
A) is not necessary as pertussis is spread through respiratory droplets, not airborne transmission. Administering the pertussis vaccine (choice
B) is a preventive measure, not a treatment for an active infection. Restricting oral fluids (choice
D) is not recommended as proper hydration is important for managing pertussis symptoms.
Extract:
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the guardian of a child who has cystic fibrosis. Which of the following statements by the guardian indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Correct Answer: C - "I will ensure that my child consumes a high-calorie diet."
Rationale:
1. Children with cystic fibrosis have increased energy needs due to malabsorption issues.
2. A high-calorie diet helps maintain weight and overall nutritional status in CF patients.
3. Adequate calorie intake supports growth and development, which is crucial for CF patients.
4. The statement indicates an understanding of the importance of nutritional management in cystic fibrosis.
Incorrect
Choices:
A: Annual sweat chloride testing is important for CF diagnosis but does not demonstrate understanding of ongoing care.
B: Chewing pancrelipase before eating is incorrect; it should be taken with meals for proper digestion.
D: Dornase alfa is used for mucolytic therapy in CF, not for wheezing.
E, F, G: Not provided, but they would likely be incorrect as they do not pertain to CF management.