ATI RN
RN ATI Pediatric Proctored Exam 2023 with NGN Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for an infant who has gastroenteritis. Which of the following assessment findings should the nurse report to the provider?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Sunken fontanels and dry mucous membranes. These findings indicate severe dehydration in the infant with gastroenteritis. Sunken fontanels suggest significant fluid loss, while dry mucous membranes also indicate dehydration. Dehydration in infants can lead to serious complications, so it is crucial for the nurse to report these findings to the provider promptly.
The other choices are not as concerning as choice B.
Choice A indicates a fluid deficit but does not suggest severe dehydration.
Choice C could be expected in a sick infant and does not require immediate provider notification.
Choice D shows signs of fever and tachycardia, which are common in gastroenteritis and may not be as urgent as severe dehydration.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to perform a dressing change on a 6-year-old child with mild cognitive impairment (CI) who sustained a minor burn. Which strategy should the nurse use to prepare the child for this procedure?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Demonstrate a dressing change on a doll. This strategy is most appropriate because children with cognitive impairment often benefit from visual aids and hands-on experiences. By demonstrating the dressing change on a doll, the nurse can provide a clear and concrete example for the child to understand what will happen during the procedure. This approach can help reduce anxiety and fear by making the process more tangible and relatable for the child.
Other choices are incorrect:
A: Verbally explaining may not be as effective for a child with cognitive impairment who may struggle to understand complex verbal instructions.
B: Watching a video may be overwhelming or confusing for the child with cognitive impairment.
D: Explaining the importance of keeping the burn area clean is important but may not adequately prepare the child for the procedure itself.
Question 3 of 5
Which actions by the school nurse is important in the prevention of rheumatic fever?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Refer children with sore throats for throat cultures. This is important in preventing rheumatic fever as it helps identify and treat streptococcal infections promptly, which can lead to rheumatic fever if left untreated. Encouraging routine cholesterol screenings (
A) and conducting routine blood pressure screenings (
B) are not directly related to preventing rheumatic fever. Recommending aspirin instead of acetaminophen (
D) can actually be harmful in children with viral infections, increasing the risk of Reye's syndrome.
Question 4 of 5
Congenital heart defects are classified as all of the following? (Select all that apply)
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: Congenital heart defects can be classified based on pathophysiology. A: Mixed defects involve combination of two types of abnormalities, B: Obstruction defects involve narrowing/blockage in blood flow, and C: Decreased pulmonary blood flow includes defects leading to decreased blood flow to lungs. D: Acquired defects result from external factors and not present at birth. E, F, G are not applicable as no information is provided. Thus, A, B, C are correct based on classification of congenital heart defects.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a school aged child in sickle cell crisis. Which interventions are appropriate for this patient? (Select all that apply)
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale:
Correct Answer: A, B, D
Rationale:
A: Application of a heating pad to the painful areas helps to relieve vaso-occlusive pain in sickle cell crisis by promoting vasodilation and increasing blood flow.
B: Starting a Morphine PCA is appropriate for pain management in sickle cell crisis as it provides controlled analgesia for the patient.
D: Hydrating the patient with one-and-a-half-time maintenance fluid helps prevent dehydration and maintain adequate blood flow, reducing the risk of vaso-occlusive episodes.
Incorrect
Choices:
C: Encouraging the patient to ambulate often may not be suitable during a sickle cell crisis as it can increase the risk of pain and further complications.
E, F, G: No additional choices given, but typically options not directly related to pain management, hydration, or symptom relief would be incorrect in this scenario.