ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatrics 2023 Questions
Extract:
School-age child who weighs 20 kg (44 lb) postoperative with chest tubes
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a school-age child who weighs 20 kg (44 lb) and is postoperative with chest tubes in place. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Chest tube drainage of 200 mL in 1 hr. This finding should be reported to the provider because it indicates excessive chest tube drainage, which could signal a complication such as hemorrhage or fluid imbalance that needs immediate intervention. Other choices are not as concerning:
A) Respiratory rate within normal limits,
C) Serous drainage is expected postoperatively,
D) Fluctuation in water-sealed chamber is normal. Reporting excessive chest tube drainage helps prevent further complications.
Extract:
Infant with a prescription for a Pavlik harness
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is planning care for an infant who has a prescription for a Pavlik harness. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Position the diaper over the straps with each change. This is important to prevent irritation and pressure sores on the infant's skin. Placing the diaper over the straps creates a barrier between the harness and the skin, reducing the risk of skin breakdown. Applying lotion (choice
A) may cause the straps to slip, compromising the effectiveness of the harness. Lengthening the harness straps weekly (choice
C) is not necessary and may alter the fit of the harness. Massaging the skin under the straps daily (choice
D) can cause discomfort and does not address the primary concern of preventing skin irritation.
Extract:
Child receiving peritoneal dialysis with minimal dialysate outflow
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is providing peritoneal dialysis to a child and observes there is minimal dialysate outflow at the end of the outflow time. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: C. Instruct the child to change position.
Rationale: Changing the child's position can help redistribute the dialysate within the peritoneal cavity, promoting better outflow. This can help overcome any potential blockages or obstructions that may be impeding the flow of dialysate. Additionally, changing position can help prevent the dialysate from becoming stagnant in one area, improving the effectiveness of peritoneal dialysis.
Incorrect
Choices:
A: Increasing oral fluid intake may help with hydration but will not directly address the issue of minimal dialysate outflow.
B: Increasing the dwell time during the next dialysis infusion may lead to increased absorption of waste products but will not address the current issue of minimal outflow.
D: Assessing for a bruit at the site of the peritoneal catheter is important for monitoring catheter function but will not directly address the current issue of minimal outflow.
Extract:
4-month-old infant
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to collect a capillary blood specimen from the heel of a 4-month-old infant. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Puncture the outer aspect of the heel. This is the correct action because the outer aspect of the heel has better blood flow and is less painful for the infant. Puncturing the inner aspect can lead to injury of the medial and lateral plantar arteries and nerves. Wiping the site with alcohol after the puncture (choice
A) can introduce contaminants, increasing the risk of infection. Applying a cool pack (choice
C) can vasoconstrict blood vessels, making it harder to collect the specimen. Using a surgical blade (choice
D) is unnecessary and increases the risk of injury.
Extract:
Group of clients on a pediatric unit
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a group of clients on a pediatric unit. Which of the following clients is most at risk for insufficient vascular perfusion?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: A school-age child who is in a spica cast. A spica cast can cause constriction on blood vessels leading to compromised vascular perfusion. The weight and pressure from the cast can impede blood flow, increasing the risk of insufficient vascular perfusion. In contrast, choices A, C, and D do not directly impact vascular perfusion. A child receiving IV fluids (
A) is actually receiving hydration support, an adolescent with a urinary tract infection (
C) may have systemic issues but not directly related to vascular perfusion, and a preschooler with otitis media (
D) has an ear infection which does not affect vascular perfusion. This makes choice B the most at risk for insufficient vascular perfusion.