ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatric Nursing 2023 I Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a school-age child who has heart failure. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,D,E
Rationale: The correct findings to expect in a school-age child with heart failure are Cyanosis (
A), Dyspnea (
D), and Tachycardia (E). Cyanosis occurs due to poor oxygenation, Dyspnea is a common symptom of heart failure, and Tachycardia is the body's compensatory response to the decreased cardiac output. Weight loss (
B) is less likely as heart failure often causes fluid retention and weight gain. Bounding peripheral pulses (
C) are more indicative of conditions like hypertension or hyperthyroidism rather than heart failure.
Therefore, A, D, and E are the most relevant findings in this scenario.
Extract:
Nurses' Notes 0930: Parent presents child to provider's office. Parent reports the child has had a fever for 2 days and that the child has cried more than usual. Parent also reports the child has had a decreased appetite for the last 24 hr. Child febrile and lethargic. 0945: Notified provider of parent reports and child's fever. New prescriptions received. 1000: Urine sample obtained via sterile straight catheter. Vital Signs 0930: Temperature 38.4° C (101.1° F), Heart rate 128/min, Respiratory rate 28/min. Diagnostic Results 1030: Urinalysis: Appearance: cloudy and dark amber (clear), Specific gravity 1.035 (1.005 to 1.030), Leukocyte esterase: positive (negative), Nitrites: present (none), WBCS: 10 (0 to 4).
Question 2 of 5
Select words from the choices to fill in each blank in the following sentence. The child is at risk for developing ______ and _______.
Correct Answer: A,D
Rationale: The correct answer is A (Nephrotic syndrome) and D (Acute glomerulonephritis). Nephrotic syndrome is a kidney disorder characterized by proteinuria and edema, common in children. Acute glomerulonephritis is inflammation of the kidney's glomeruli often caused by infections. Both conditions put the child at risk for kidney damage and long-term complications.
Choices B, C, and E are not directly related to the child's risk of developing kidney issues. Renal scarring is typically a result of past infections or injuries, not a direct risk factor. Polycystic kidney disease is a genetic condition, and pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection of the kidney.
Therefore, A and D are the most appropriate choices given the context of the sentence.
Extract:
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to the parents of a school-age child newly diagnosed with a seizure disorder. The nurse should teach the parents to take which of the following actions during a seizure?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Clear the area of hard objects. During a seizure, it is important to ensure the safety of the individual by removing any nearby hard objects that could cause injury. Placing the child in a prone position (choice
C) is not recommended as it can lead to airway obstruction. Minimizing movement of the limbs (choice
A) is also not necessary as it may not be possible to control the child's movements during a seizure. Inserting a tongue blade between the teeth (choice
D) is dangerous and can cause harm.
Therefore, the best action to take during a seizure is to clear the area of hard objects to prevent injury.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the guardian of a child who has cystic fibrosis. Which of the following statements by the guardian indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "I will ensure that my child consumes a high-calorie diet." This statement indicates an understanding of the teaching because children with cystic fibrosis often have difficulty maintaining weight due to malabsorption. A high-calorie diet helps to meet their increased energy needs.
Choice B is incorrect because sweat chloride testing is usually done more frequently than annually for monitoring cystic fibrosis.
Choice C is incorrect because pancrelipase medication should be taken with meals, not chewed before eating.
Choice D is incorrect because dornase alfa is not used for wheezing but for improving lung function in cystic fibrosis.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is prioritizing care for four clients. Which of the following clients should the nurse assess first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. The nurse should assess the adolescent with sickle cell anemia and slurred speech first as this can indicate a potential neurological complication such as a stroke. Neurological changes require immediate assessment and intervention to prevent further complications. Assessing and addressing the slurred speech is crucial in this situation. Option A involves a toddler with a new diagnosis of osteomyelitis, which is important but not as urgent as assessing neurological symptoms. Option B involves an adolescent in skin traction with pain, which can be managed after the urgent assessment of slurred speech. Option D involves a toddler with a burn injury, which also requires attention but is not as urgent as the potential neurological issue in option C.